238 



greater wing-coverts tipped with white ; primary-coverts, pri- 

 maries, and secondaries dark brown, shafts of first primary white 

 except at the tip, of other primaries for a short distance near the 

 end ; in the inner primaries part of the outer web is white ; 

 secondaries tipped white and with white along the shafts ; lateral 

 tail-coverts with white edges ; tail-feathers brown with white tips, 

 outermost pair almost entirely white ; lower parts, with axillaries 

 and under wing-coverts, white ; a brown band across the breast, 

 generally but not always interrupted in the middle. 



In summer the upper plumage is paler brown, and tinged with 

 rufous ; no pale supercilia ; fore head* black, enclosing an elongate 

 white spot at each side, the two sometimes united across, but 

 varying much ; lores themselves and a large space below the eye, 

 from which a streak runs back to the upper ear- coverts, black ; 

 crown, hind neck, sides of neck, and a broad band across the 

 upper breast dull rufous. 



Bill black ; irides brown ; tibiae and feet slate-bluish or 

 plumbeous, paling to yellowish olive or in some to fleshy-grey 

 (Legge) ; legs greyish green, toes darker (Jerdon). 



Length 8*5 ; tail 2-2 ; wing 5'5 ; tarsus 1/5 ; bill from gape 1/1. 



Distribution. A migratory bird, breeding in Japan, Formosa, and 

 Hainan, and perhaps on the Red Sea, and spending the winter on 

 the shores of the Indian Ocean from South Africa to Australia. 

 It is found in winter, though not very abundantly, on the sea- 

 coasts of India, Ceylon, and Burma. 



Habits, fyc. The Large Sand-Plover haunts sandy coasts and the 

 mouths of large rivers in small parties, often mixed with other 

 Sarid-Piovers. It appears on the Indian coasts about September, 

 and leaves in April or May, by which time it has assumed the 

 breeding dress. 



1443. JEgialitis mongolica. The Lesser Sand-Plover. 



Charadrius mongolus, Pall. Reis. Russ. Reichs, iii, p. 700 (1776). 

 Charadrius mongolicus, Pall. Zooyr. Rosso-Asiat. ii, p. 136; See- 



bohm, Charadr. p. 147. 



Charadrius pyrrhothorax, Temm., Gould, B. Eur. iv, pi. 299 (1837). 

 Charadrius leschenaultii. upud Blyth, J.A. S. B. xii, p. 181 ; Adams, 



P. Z. S. 1859, p. 188 ; nee Lesson. 

 Hiaticula leschenaultii, Blyth, Cat. p. 263. 

 yEgialitis pyrrhothorax, Jerdon, B. 1. iii, p. 639. 

 ^Egialites mongolicus, Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 164 ; Hartinfj, Ibis, 1870, 



p. 384 ; Hume $ Henders. Lah. to Yark. p. 285 ; Hume, S. F. iv, 



pp. 293, 463; Armstrong, ibid. p. 339; Sharpe, Yark. Miss.. Aves, 



p. 137. 



Cirrepidesmus mongolicus, Hume, S. F. \, p. 230 ; ii, p. 289 ; iv,p. 12. 

 yEgialitis mongolica, Blyth, Birds Burm. p. 153 ; Legye, Birds Ceyl. 



p. 943 ; Oates, B. B. ii, p. 368 : Hume, S. F. xi, p. 314. 

 yEp-ialitis mougola, Walden, Ibis, 1873, p. 317 ; Hume 8f Dav. S. F. 



^i, p. 455; Ball, S. F. vii, p. 227; Cr'pps, ibid. p. 299; Hume, 



tat. no. 847 ; Vidal, S. F. ix, p. 81 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 330. 



