TRI-XGA, : 277 



In summer the feathers of the .crown, hind neck, and back, with 

 the scapulars and some tertiaries, are black with dull rufous 

 edges, and the upper breast is slightly tinged with rufous ; the 

 dark spots ori the breast are broader and often take the form of 

 angulate bars, extending to the flanks. 



Young birds resemble adults in summer plumage above, but 

 have the breast almost uniform sandy buff. 



Bill black : irides chocolate ; legs and toes yellowish ochre 

 (Whiteley). 



Length 8*5 ; tail 2-25 ; wing 5'4 ; tarsus 1*2 ; culmen I'l. 



Distribution. This bird, a near ally of the American Pectoral 

 Sandpiper, T. maculata, breeds in North-eastern vSiberia and Alaska, 

 and migrates by China and Japan to the Malayan Archipelago, 

 Australia, and New Zealand. A single specimen was shot by 

 Biddulph at Gilgit, flying about with a number of Pavoncella 

 ]_><jnax, on August 1st. 



1476. Tringa crassirostris. The Eastern Knot. 



Tringa crassirostris, Temm. fy Schl. Faun. Jap., Aves, p. 107, pi. 64 

 (3847) ; Hume, S. F. i, p. 240 ; Walden, Ibis, 1874, p. H7; Arm- 

 strong, S. F. iv, p. 341; Hume, ibid. pp. 433, 464; Hume, Cat. 

 no. 881 bis ; Gates, B. B. ii, p. 393 ; Murray, Vert. Zool. Sind, 

 p. 249 ; Barnes, Birds Bom. p. 353 ; Seebohm, Charadr. p. 421 ; 

 Sharpe, Cat B. M. xxiv, p. 600. 



? Tringa canutus, apud Btyth, Cat. p. 268, partim ; Jerdon, B. I. iii, 

 p. 688 ; nee Linn. 



Coloration in winter. Upper parts light brownish grey, with black 

 shaft-stripes which are broadest on the crown ; sides of head and 

 neck whitish, with dark streaks, supercilia and cheeks paler; 

 wing-coverts with pale edges, greater coverts with white tips ; 

 bastard wing, primary-coverts, and primaries blackish brown; 

 secondaries brownish grey like back, but with white borders out- 

 side and at the end ; lower back and rump dark brown, with white 

 edges to the feathers ; upper tail-coverts the same, but the white 

 borders are much wider, the white sometimes occupying the greater 

 part or the whole of the feathers ; tail ashy brown ; lower plumage 

 white, fore neck and upper breast streaked or spotted with dark 

 brown. 



In summer the plumage is blackish above, with whitish edges to 

 the feathers, the scapulars with large chestnut spots ; upper and 

 lower tail-coverts white, with dark brown spots and bars; chin, 

 throat, breast, and flanks so thickly spotted as to be almost 

 covered in the middle of the breast with blackish brown. There 

 is no rufous on the lower plumage. 



Bill dusky black ; irides dark brown ; legs and feet greenish 

 dusky (Armstrong). 



Length 11*5 ; tail 2'5 ; wing 7*25 ; tarsus 1'4 ; bill from 

 gape 1-9. 



Distribution. This large Knot , passes the summer in Siberia and 

 the winter in South-eastern Asia, the Malay Archipelago, and 



