EEISMATUEA. 465 



Coloration. Male. Head and upper neck dark glossy green ; 

 feathers of crown slightly lengthened ; chin and throat sooty black,. 

 a large round white spot on each cheek close to the gape ; lower 

 neck all round, lower parts, and sides of body white ; long flank- 

 feathers with black edges, feathers of lower flanks brown ; back,. 



Fig. 122. Head of C. glaucion. 



inner and longer scapulars, upper tail-coverts, tail, smaller wing- 

 coverts, primaries and their coverts, and tertiaries and their coverts 

 black or blackish brown ; outer scapulars white, some of them 

 black-edged on the side ; a large white patch on each wing, 

 consisting of the secondaries and their greater and median coverts ; 

 basal portions of greater coverts black. 



Female. Head and upper neck brown ; an imperfect white collar ;. 

 upper breast greyish ; upper parts, wings, and tail blackish brown, 

 upper back, upper scapulars, and wing-coverts with greyish edges ; 

 secondaries white, terminal portions of their greater coverts white, 

 with some brown at the tips and the basal portions dark brown ; 

 lower parts white, lower flanks partly brown. 



Bill bluish black in male, brownish in female ; irides golden- 

 yellow ; legs and feet orange-yellow, the webs dusky (Salvadori). 



Length 18 ; tail 3*5 ; wing 9 ; tarsus 1'5; bill from gape 1*8 r 

 females are a little smaller, wing 7'75. 



Distribution. In north temperate and subarctic zones. This 

 Duck breeds far to the North and migrates to South Europe, North 

 Africa, Persia, China, and the United States of America in winter. 

 Specimens have been obtained in the Indus valley by Sir A. Burnes, 

 Col. Yerbury, and Mr. E. N. Stoker, and one was procured in 

 Oudh by Dr. Bonavia. 



Genus ERISMATURA, Bonap., 1832. 



This genus may be recognized by its remarkable stiff tail, 

 almost recalling that of a Woodpecker, and by its equally singular 

 bill, of which the upper mandible is much swollen at the base and 

 as far forward as the nostrils ; the culmen is concave, the anterior 

 part of the bill broad and flat, the nail very small, the upper 

 mandible overlapping the lower. The nostrils are large, nearer 



VOL. iv. 2 H 



