i' STATE GEOLOGIST. 



nectar from flowers, and the sap of trees. Their nests are usually built 

 of fine fibre and lichens, on a horizontal limb, in some retired spot 

 along the borders of the wood. I know of one over the bars into a 

 wooded pasture, where many people and cattle pass each day. They 

 look like lichened-covered knots. They pair at once upon arrival. 

 May 12, 1882, I found a complete nest, and the next day found one 

 with eggs. Mrs. Hine reports one just beginning its nest, May 27, 

 1887, at Sedan. Allowing time for its completion, for laying the two 

 eggs, which is done on alternate days, and for incubation, about four- 

 teen days, the young would not be hatched in that nest until well to- 

 wards July. The female does the nest-building, incubating, and 

 cares for the young. They are fed by regurgitation. Major Bendire 

 thinks two, and occasionally three, broods may be reared in a year, as 

 fresh eggs have been found as late as August 7. 



Some years they leave early in September. Last seen in Brookville, 

 188G, September 7; Warren County, September 16, 1897; Lafayette, 

 1896, September 6; September 13, 1887, at Sedan; others, they remain 

 until near October. In 1894 they were late leaving. That year they 

 were last seen at Plymouth, Mich., September 27; Hillsdale, Mich., 

 September 23; Sedan, September 15; Laporte, September 28. In 

 1889 they remained at Brookville until September .28, and in 1897, 

 until September 29. An instance is recorded where one was entangled 

 in the spines of a thistle. 



0. ORDER PASSERES. PERCHING BIRDS. 

 SUBORDER CLAMATORES. SONGLESS PERCHING BIRDS. 

 XXXVI. FAMILY TYRANNID^E. TYRANT FLYCATCHERS. 



a 1 . Tail much longer than wing; very deeply forked. MILVULUS. 



a-. Tail not longer than wing; not deeply forked. 



6 1 . Tarsus not longer than middle toe with claw; adults with a bright colored 



(yellow, orange or red) concealed patch on crown. TYRANNUS. 102 



ft-. Tarsus longer than middle toe with claw (or else with a conspicuous cottony 



patch on each side of rump) ; adults without bright colored patch on crown. 



r l . Wings and tail with chestnut; length generally 8.00 or more. 



MYIAKCHUS. 108 

 c 2 . Wings and tail without chestnut; general color olivaceous; length 8.00 



or less. 



d l . Wing at least six times as long as tarsus. t CONTOPUS. 105 



d 2 . Wing about four times as long as tarsus or less; little longer than tail. 



e 1 . Wing more than 3.25. SAYOKNIS. 104 



e' 1 . Wing less than 3.25. EMPIDONAX. 106 



