BIRDS OF INDIANA. 909 



c 2 . Bill less stout, its depth at base less than length of hind toe with claw. 

 d 1 . Nasal plumules long, covering a third or more of upper mandible; bill 

 stout, about one-half the length of head. PINICOLA. 119 



d 2 . Nasal plumules, if present, covering less than one-third of upper 



mandible. 



c 1 . Gonys distinctly convex in profile; plumage streaked above, not be- 

 low; no white, red, yellow or blue. PASSER. 127 

 e 2 . Gonys straight or nearly so. 



f 1 . Primaries much longer than secondaries, exceeding them by the 



length of the tarsus or more. 



y l . Wing five times as long as short tarsus or more; under wing cov- 

 erts red or yellow. 



h l . Length 6.00 or more ; wing over 3.50; plumage mostly white; 

 hind claw nearly as long as bill. PLICTROPHENAX. 124 



h 2 . Length under 6.00 ; wing under 3.50; tail forked. 



1 1 . Nasal tufts nearly one-third the length of bill; tail feathers 

 without white or yellow; adult plumage with more or less 

 red. ACANTHIS. 122 



1 2 . Nasal tufts short or none ; tail feathers blotched with white 

 or yellow ; adult plumage with more or less yellow. 



SPINUS. 123 

 g 2 . Wing not five times as long as tarsus. 



j l . Under wing coverts without red or yellow; bill not very 



stout. 



k 1 . Depth of bill at base about equal to exposed culmen ; 

 nostrils partly covered by small tufts ; no white on tail ; 

 male more or less red. CARPODACUS. 120 



k 2 . Depth of bill at base decidedly less than length of cul- 

 men , tail partly white ; no red. 



1 1 . Tail forked, middle feathers pointed ; hind claw nearly 



as long as bill, rather straight. 



m 1 . Tail feathers, except middle pair, white ; all, except 

 outer pair, squarely tipped with black. 



KHYNCHOPHANES. 

 m 2 . Tail feathers not squarely tipped with black. 



CALOARIUS. 125 



1 2 . Tail rounded ; middle feathers not pointed ; hind claw 

 short and curved. CHONDESTES. 129 



j 2 . Under wing coverts red or yellow ; bill very stout. 



HABIA. 138 



f 2 . Primaries not much longer than secondaries, exceeding them by 

 less than the length of tarsus ; plumage with no red. 



n l . Colors generally blue, brown or greenish ; not de- 

 cidedly streaked or spotted. 



1 . Length over 6.00; bill very stout; male blue 

 with chestnut on wings; female plain brown. 



GUIRACA. 139 



2 . Length under 6.00; bill not very stout. 



p l . Male with blue or green; female mainly 

 brown. PASSERINA. 140 



