BIRDS OF INDIANA. 1029 



d 2 . Under parts greenish yellow, sometimes streaked and obscure. 



H. celata (Say.). 260 

 c 2 . Under tail coverts and more or less of under parts white. 



H. peregrina ( Wils. ) . 261 



*257. (641). Helminthophila pinus (LisN.). 



Blue-winged Warbler. 

 Synonym, BLUE-WINGED YELLOW WARBLER. 



Adult Male. Head and entire lower parts to the crissum, bright 

 yellow; crissum and under tail-coverts, white; a black stripe from bill 

 through the eye; rest of body above, olive-green, brighter on the 

 rump; wings and tail, blue-gray; the former with two white bars, the 

 latter with three outer pairs of tail feathers marked with white on the 

 inner web. Adult Female. Only the front part of crown yellow; the 

 streak through the eye dusky instead of black. 



Length, 4.65-5.00; wing, 2.40-2.50; tail, 2.00-2.10. 



RANGE. Eastern North America, from Nicaraugua north to Massa- 

 chusetts, southern Michigan and southern Minnesota. Breeds 

 throughout its United States range. Winters from Mexico south. 



Nest, on ground in clearing or second growth, generally at foot of 

 bush, among sprouts, or in bush one foot up; made of leaves, grape- 

 vine bark, lined with fine grass or hair. Eggs, 4-5; white, finely and 

 usually sparsely spotted with brown and black; .60 by .48. 



This species seems to complement the one last mentioned. Their 

 range is nearly identical. This frequenting the clearings, more open 

 woodlands and pastures grown up with bushes, briers, weeds and 

 sprouts; the other the dense forest. They arrive at the same time. 

 Each is a great insect eater. Each has a peculiar song that, when once 

 identified, can always be distinguished. The Blue-winged Warbler 

 shows its bright colors in the bright sunlight of the open woods, while 

 the Worm-eating Warbler's duller colors harmonize with the shades 

 and shadows of the dark forest. In southern Indiana its favorite 

 quarters are on the partially wooded hillsides, where there are many 

 bushes. The stroller through such places late in April will often be 

 saluted with a peculiar, rasping, stridulating effort, technically termed 

 a song, that is not pretty, yet so strange as to demand his whole atten- 

 tion. The author is usually among the branches frequently in the top 

 of a tree. Mr. F. M. Chapman well interprets this song. He says: 

 "As a rule, it consists of the two drawled, wheezy notes. e swe e-chee' 

 the first inhaled, the second exhaled. A less common song uttered 

 later in the season is, wee, ch'i-chi-ch'i -ctii-chur, and is sometimes 

 accompanied by peculiar kik notes (B. E. N". A., p. 347). This is 



