io8 



C. SKOTTSBERG 



Fig. 19. The interior of Quebr. Piedra Agujereada. — Photo K. Backstrom Aug. 191 7. 



by a hole (aguja, needle). The exterior section (see Skottsb. 3 fig. 33 on p. 890) 

 has the same character as in the valleys mentioned, while the interior is filled with 

 fine forest covering the ridges on both sides and above 400 m very damp and rich 

 in tree-ferns. The vegetation cover acts as a sponge and only a minor part of 

 the precipitation will feed the stream, its lower course being dry during the summer; 

 in winter the water rushes down to the sea as a cascade, mentioned by Anson 

 ("The Spout") and referred to in Instrucc. naut. p. 227, where it is said to run quite 

 dry at the end of the winter. 



El Rabanal (rabano = Raphanus sathnis, formerly abundant here) is very unlike 

 the other valleys with its wide, almost level floor; in Johow's time it was densely 

 wooded, but in 1905 it was ravaged by fire, and the forest never came back. In 

 March 191 7 the dry soil was covered with the dead stalks and innumerable young 

 rosettes of Silybum inaria7m)n (see Skottsb. 3 fig. 34 on p. 891). PI. 86 (I.e.) shows 

 the same spot in August, when a vigorous new growth had sprung up. The shadow 

 across the Silybctuui indicates the streambed. There are a few dying lumas, maqui 

 is plentiful in the quebradas, succeeded toward the interior by degraded luma-canelo 

 forest. Higher up are better stands (I.e. PI. 94: i). 



Rising at an angle of about 85° Pta Bacalao forms the end of the Centinela 

 ridge. It got its name because the bacalao ("stock-fish"), the commonest and most 

 valuable fish in these waters (fig. 100), is very abundant here. 



