DERIVATION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA 



— intermedium Colla 



— lanceolatum L 



— Masafuerae Phil 



— trichomanoides Sw 



Polystichum berterianum (Colla) C. Chr, 



— vestitum (Forst.) Presl 



Pteris berteroana Ag 



— chilensis Desv 



— semiadnata Phil 



Serpyllopsis caespitosa (Gaud.) C. Chr. . 

 THYRSOPTERIS elegans Kze . . . 

 Trichomanes exsectum Kze 



— Ingae C. Chr 



— philippianum Sturm 



aeriigi7wsimi (Thouars) Carm. (Tristan da C. and N. Amsterd. I.), and Marlothii 

 Brause (Cape). 



d. Meringium Copel. About 60, S. Chile, Afr., Ceylon, Formosa, N. Guin., 

 N. Zeal., Fiji. 



secundum Hook, et Grev. S. Chile, Valdiv.-Fueg. 



plicatum Kaulf. See 2/i.g.'j6i. S. Chile, Valdiv.-W. Patag. 



tortuosum Hook, et Grev. S. Chile, Valdiv.-Fueg., Falkl. 



Cyatheaceae. 



Thyrsopteris elegans Kze. Unanimously regarded as a very ancient type (BowER, 

 Seward, Berry, Winkler, Copeland, etc.). Berry (27. 88) pointed out that 

 Cyatheoides thyrsopteroides Berry is remarkably similar to Thyrsopteris; it was, 

 however, found sterile, and he adds that most of the fossils formerly referred to 

 Thyrsopteris are based on too slender evidence. Seward (2.?o. 221) says: "Thyr- 

 sopteris is very closely allied to certain Jurassic Ferns from the Yorkshire coast 

 and many other places: geological evidence points to a remote antiquity, and its 

 present isolation is in all probability the last phase in its history of a direct deriva- 

 tive of a widely scattered Jurassic type." CoPELAND called it "a relic from the 

 time when Dicksonia and Cyathea had a common ancestor" ((5^. 48) and he thinks 

 that it is allied to Culcita Presl. He brought Thyrsopteris to his large and possibly 

 very heterogeneous family Pteridaceae, where also Dicksonia is placed. 



Winkler's statement that Thyrsopteris is found on Masafuera only [28y. 472) 

 is erroneous. 

 Lophosoria Presl. One polymorphous species. 



quadripinnata (J. F. Gmel.) C. Chr. Trop. and subtrop. Amer., Mex.-Chile and 

 south to W. Patag., 49° s. lat. The taxonomical status of the various forms re- 

 mains to be settled. The island form (or forms, for there seems to be some dif- 



