DERIVATION OF THE FLORA AND FAUNA 235 



Oncophorus fuegianus, Dicranoloma Billardieri, Rhacomitrium subnigritum, 

 symphyodontum and striatipilum, Rhizogonium Novae Hollandiae, Bartramia patens, 

 Philonotis scabrifolia, Pterygophyllum anomalum, obscurum and denticulatum, 

 Psilopilum antarcticum, Polytrichadelphus magellanicus. 



III. Neotropical element. — 14 ( r i . 7 %). 



Recorded from tropical America but not from Chile, or related to tropical 

 species. 



a. Endemic (8): Campylopus subareodictyon, Leptodontium fernandezianum, 

 Bryum fernandezianum, Pinnatella macrosticta, Isopterygium fernandezianum, Rha- 

 phidostegium Masafuerae and caespitosoides, Rigodium Looseri. 



b. Non-endemic (6): Campylopus areodictyon, Mielichhoferia longiseta, Anacolia 

 subsessilis, Lepyrodon tomentosus, Porothamnium fasciculatum, Rhaphidostegium 

 caespitosum. 



IV. West Pacific element.— 13 (10.8%). 



Endemic species, allied to S.W. Pacific species (Australia, Tasmania, New Zea- 

 land etc.) but, as far as known, not to S. American species: Macromitrium fer- 

 nandezianum and Masafuerae, Cyptodon crassinervis,Distichophyllumsubelimbatum 

 and assimile, Thamnium rigidum, latinerve, Caroli, Ingae, crassinervium, probosci- 

 deum, assimile and confertum. 



V. Atlantic element. — 3 (2.5 %). 



a. Endemic: Fissidens crassicuspes. 



b. Not endemic: Trichostomum brachydontium, Campylopus polytrichoides. 



Endemic species of unknown position: Dicranella costata, Campylopus aberrans 

 and blindioides, Fissidens fernandezianus, Grimmia phyllorhizans, Ptychomitrium 

 fernandezianum, Macromitrium saxatile, Bartramia fernandeziana, Breutelia Masa- 

 fuerae, Neckera rotundata, Rhaphidostegium brachycladulum. 



The dominance of a South American element is self-evident; groups I to III 

 make up 86.7 %. It is hard to draw a line between I and II; the Magellanian species 

 are supposed to have come from the far south, and theirs is a more southern area, 

 but many of the species referred to I ^ may have had the same history though, 

 at present, they do not reach so far south. 



The Atlantic element is artificial. Fissidens crassicuspes is, if Brotiierus is right, 

 related to a species that has its nearest station on Madeira, but the genus is a very 

 large one, and another connection may be found. Campylopus polytrichoides \'s> diXv 

 Atlantic species with its nearest locality on Madeira; its presence on Masatierra 

 is indeed surprising. Trichostomum brachydontium is scattered over half the globe, 

 with its nearest stations in Macaronesia, but it extends not only to and beyond 

 the Mediterranean region, but turns up on the island of Reunion, in Japan and 

 on New Zealand. Have we to do with isolated remnants of a once more continuous 

 area, or is it still to be discovered in other places.? Is it a bipolar species.? 



