200 ORDER LEPIDOPTERA. 



The genera of the family have the following characters : 



In Papilio, the antennm are long, but the clnb is not flattened : posterior wings angulated. 



In GoNiAFTERix, the wings angulated ; antennaa short. 



In CoLiAS : club of the antenna not compressed ; posterior wings rounded, and covered with scales. 



In PiERis, the club of the antenna b compressed : wings naked. 



In PoNTiA, the club is compressed : forewings trigonate, and both covered with scales. 



The CoLiAs is the genus that contains our common sulphur-yellow butterfly bordered 

 with black : the Goniapterix and Portia are white, and our Pieris is orange with a 

 black border. 



Papiliones. 



PAPILIONES ("Westwood). EQUITES & HELICONII (Linn^us). 

 Papilio asterias ( Cramer). P. troilus ( Drury, Abbott & Smith). Butterflies. 



Antennae long. Head black, marked with four yellow dots ; eyes blue : body black, 

 marked with four rows of yellow. Wings black : beneath there is a reflection of olive 

 green ; nervures strong. Forewings marked by two rows of yellow spots, about eight 

 in each row : inner row, the spots are large and triangular, with apices directed to- 

 wards the insertion of the wing ; outer row, smaller and nearly round. Outer edge of 

 the wing spotted with pale yellow : near the anterior margin, there is a single spot 

 of yellow within the rows. Posterior wings tailed : upper side marked by a con- 

 tinuation of the yellow spots, the inner row being rounded and the outer lunate ; 

 between which rows, there is a row of large blue spots placed betwixt the nervures. 

 There is an eyelet upon the inner margin, the ring of which is orange with a black 

 centre : the hindwings are margined like the forewings. Beneath, the yellow spots are 

 converted into orange, except those of the outer row upon the forewings, and some of 

 the orange spots are margined with yellow : the blue spots have become lunate, and 

 softened into-olive-green. Expansion of wing, three to four inches. 

 The caterpillar is found in the month of June, • feeding upon umbelliferous plants, as 

 the parsley and carrot. When perfect, it is smooth, and of an apple-green color ; each 

 segment or ring being marked by transverse alternating bands of black and yellow spots. 

 When first hatched, it is black, and banded across the middle : it undergoes a succession 

 of changes during its moulting. It has a peculiar mode of defending itself from the attack 

 of flies ; as when touched, it protrudes from the first segment of the body a pair of orange- 

 colored horns, which exhale a disagreeable odor. The pupa is of an ochre-yellow or pale 

 green. 



