256 ORDER LEPIDOPTERA. 



Tinea cranella. European Grainmoth. 

 Forewings marbled with white or gray, light brown and dark brown spots, and one square 

 dark spot near the middle of the outer edge. Hindwings blackish. Head tufted. 

 Length three- to four-tenths of an inch. Harris. 



Motlis appear In May, June and August : they breed twice a year. 



The caterpillar of this grainworm, instead of burrowing in the grain like that of the 

 angoumois grainworm, feeds upon the external surface only, and spins a web in which it 

 entangles several grains for that purpose. When the period for transformation arrives, it 

 leaves this web, and seeks a crevice in which to spin its cocoon. Altogether they occupy 

 about six weeks in feeding on the grain, which they soil and otherwise injure by covering 

 it with their webs and excrements. 



Such are the characters of the European grainmoth. It appears from the observations of 

 our distinguished entomologist. Dr. A. Fitch of Salem, that he observed many years ago 

 that grain in some of the mills in his neighborhood was affected much in the way described 

 above, only the caterpillar formed its cocoon within its web. 



Although the habits of the foregoing grain insects differ somewhat, the remedies that 

 have been successful in destroying one are equally efficacious against the other, to wit : 

 fumigation with carbonic acid ; exposure in close vessels to heat of 130 to 140° Fahr. 



