CAUDA-GALLI GRIT. 127 



a half feet in thickness. Fossils are quite numerous in the New- York quarry near the Prison, 

 consisting of all the usual ones of this rock. The sandstone not being pure, the specimens 

 do not appear to the same advantage as at the next point where it was examined. 



The last locality, to the west, where the sandstone was seen, is to the right of the road 

 between Auburn and Springport, on the land of Mr. Yawger. It is in a wood, forming a low 

 ledge which is exposed for some distance. Its thickness is nearly three feet : it has been 

 quarried. The fossils are numerous, and better preserved than in any other locality of the 

 district. State or country, that has come to our knowledge ; the rock being more solid, and 

 the sand of which it is composed, purer, and white. Most of the fine specimens in the col- 

 lection of the State, are from this locahty. 



A few broken up layers of the Onondaga limestone rest upon the sandstone, the outcrop 

 at the quarry being merely exposed. They form a part of the terminal portions of the terrace, 

 which sweeps round from Auburn toward Springport. 



Boulders or blocks of this sandstone are very common to the south of its range in Madison 

 county, being found upon the tops of the hills, and upon the hill-sides in the towns of Madi- 

 son, Eaton, Hamilton, Lebanon, &c., for about fourteen or more miles from its northern 

 outcrop at Oriskany falls. In smaller masses it has been found from forty to fifty miles 

 south of that line. 



The great faciUty with which this rock is recognized ; its character so peculiar, con- 

 trasting so strongly with all the rocks of New- York ; its layers so thick at Oriskany falls, 

 make it a useful rock in investigating the history of the ancient flows of water in that sec 

 tion of country. 



This rock is but a thin mass in New- York, when compared with Pennsylvania, where, 

 according to Prof. Rodgers, its maximum thickness is seven hundred feet. Its localities in 

 that State are numerous, and it is an important rock, as might be supposed, when it forms 

 one of the nine numbers or formations into which all the rocks of that State, which corre- 

 spond with the New- York system, are divided ; having been arranged by its geologists under 

 the name of the Appalachian system, the two systems difiering only in name. 



In the collection of Prof. Hitchcock at Amherst, there are specimens of this sandstone 

 from Greifenstein in Nasovia ; and no doubt, before many years, the whole of the New- York 

 divisions will be recognized as existing in other and distant countries, having now the facts 

 necessary for recognition. 



17. CAUDA-GALLI GRIT. 



Cocktail Grit, of Dr. James Eights. 



This rock is altogether pecuUar, receiving its name from its mineral character, and from 

 the feathery forms or appearances which abound in it. It is a fijie grained, calcareous and 

 argillaceous sandstone, usually drab and brovraish, and by long weathering it blanches. It 



