192 GEOLOGY OF THE THIRD DISTRICT. 



magnified, are detached ; and when examined by the unaided eye, form the raised and appa- 

 rently continuous straight diagonal lines. There was no time to give a wood-cut of this plant, 

 but it will appear in the Report on the Fossils. 



No. 57 of the wood-cut is reduced nearly two-thirds. It is an extremely regular and simply 

 formed plant. It is from the same group ; on sandstone, and was found near Silver lake in 

 Susquehannah county, and formed a part of the Collection of the late Dr. Rose of that place. 



No. 58 is from the same group and county, a few miles below Montrose. The form and 

 markings of the leaves resemble some of those upon a very fine specimen in the Collection 

 obtained by Mr. Hall from the Chemung group in the fourth district. The size natural. 



Besides the plants which grew upon the surface of the earth, there are others which were 

 the products of the ocean. These, the fucoids of geology, are often seen, and in the red 

 shale rock particularly. They appear as stems, with smooth surfaces, usually more or less 

 bent or contorted, and generally about the thickness of a pipe-stem. They are found in the 

 other rocks of the group also, but they separate more readily from the shaly part of the mass. 

 In Otsego county, they are quite numerous between Oneonta and the junction of the Susque- 

 haimah and the Unadilla. 



Geographical Distribution of the Catskill Group in the District. 



In Otsego county, the group makes its first appearance on the Susquehannah a little below 

 the village of Oneonta, and extends thence by the river to Chenango coimty, forming the sur- 

 face rock of a large part of the town of Oneonta, nearly the whole of Huntersville and of 

 Unadilla, and extending north for some miles between Butternut creek and Unadilla river. 



Neeur Oneonta village, the greater part is a sandstone of a greenish color, in very thick 

 layers, nearly flat, and these again composed of oblique divisions overlapping each other. 

 The sandstone is quite micaceous ; its parts thin like tiles and flags, containing here and there 

 a few plants whose material is converted into coal. These rocks occupy the highest part of 

 the face of the hill, the base of which is composed of rocks which I have supposed to belong 

 to the Ithaca group. Occasionally a few thin interrupted beds of comstone may be seen, in 

 the finer varieties of the upper rocks. 



Between Oneonta and the forks of the Unadilla, the red sandstone and the hard red slaty 

 shale with fucoids, are seen in numerous places by the road-side, the soil and road being often 

 colored by them. More of the rock is exposed in mass below the village of Unadilla, than in 

 any like distance above the village. The red sandstone appears below Gilbertsville, and the 

 soil, in parts, is colored red by its rocks. 



The locality of most interest met with in Otsego county, is at Richmond's farm, at his 

 stone quarry, about two miles above Mount Upton, facing the west, and rising about one 

 himdred feet above the river. The lower part of the quarry is of the usual greenish grey 

 sandstone, in irregular divisions, containing a few fragments of vegetable remains. The 

 upper part is a greenish shale and sandstone, the latter occasionally showing an accretionary 



