4. Future land use--The areas will probably continue to be used 

 for livestock grazing. The Shoup site which is privately owned 

 is currently being subdivided for residential and/or 

 recreational use. 

 B. Cultivation 



1. Controlled propagation techniques—None known. 



2. Ease of transplanting— Not known. 



3. Pertinent horticultural knowledge—Unknown. 



4. Status and location of presently cultivated material --None 

 known. 



11. Evidence of threats of survival 



A. Present of threatened destruction, modification, or curtailment of 

 habitat or range 



1. Past threats— Judging from the proximity of populations of 

 Astragalus scaphoides to existing roads at the Bon Accord, 

 Agency Creek, Lower Agency Creek, Lemhi, Hayden 3asin, and 

 Shoup sites, construction of these roads probably destroyed 

 parts of these populations. Intense, 



unregulated livestock grazing carried out in past years may 

 also have reduced populations. 



2. Existing threats — In the populations studied 45-39o of the 

 reproductive individuals had their inflorescences removed by 

 herbivores. This severe curtailment of reproductive capacity 

 would seem to be the most serious threat to the persistence of 

 Astragalus scaphoides . It is currently not known to what 

 extent this damage is caused by insects, wildlife, or 

 livestock, although livestock grazing does not appear to be the 



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