Book II. 



PLANTING ORCHARDS. 



667 



4090. The dessert apples Jit for orchards are the rathripes or Margarets for earliest use; 

 the juneating, pomeroy, summer pearmain, and Kentish codling for summer use ; the 

 golden, Downton, and other pippins, especially the ribston pippin, with the nonpareil 

 and other small russets, for autumn, winter, and spring use. The following list is given 

 by Nicol as including a fit collection both of kitchen and dessert apples for a private 

 orchard ; those marked thus * being preferable : — 



Ribston pippin, * oslin ditto, * gogar ditto, * Kentish ditto, 

 * royal codling, * Kentish ditto, * Carlisle ditto, * royal russet, 

 Wheeler's ditto, * royal pearmain,* Loan's ditto (good),*golden 

 reinette, * Kentish ditto (good), * grey Leadington, scarlet 



ditto, summer greening, winter ditto, * Yorkshire greening, 

 * margil (very good), Margaret apple (good;, * whit. 1 Haw. 

 thomden, * Norfolk beaunn (good), strawberry, * purse- 

 mouth (very good). 



4091. The /nost approved sorts qf cider pears are the following: 



Barland, Pom. Her. t. 27., Forsyth, p. 143., fruit very 

 austere, hardy upright tree. Hoimore, Pom. Her. t. 20., For- 

 syth, p. 144., upriglit tree. HufFcap, Pom. Her. t. 24., For.vth, 

 p. 144., fruit austere Jarge, hardy trees. Oldrield, Pom. Her. 



1. 11., Forsyth, p. 144., large tree. Rough cap, Forsyth, p. 111., 

 very austere, hardy free-growing tree. Squash teuton, Pom. 

 Her. t. 13., Forsyth, p. 144., fruit very austere, upright tree, 

 and great bearer. 



4092. In choosing pears for planting in orchards, the description of the plant is a 

 matter of very considerable importance, as pear trees attain a much greater age and size 

 than apples. In our opinion the planting of pears in hedge-rows ought to be more 

 encouraged than the planting of apples, as they are calculated, when dried, to be used 

 in soups; or, when stewed green, to afford a light and agreeable nourishment; and 

 perry is at least a more wholesome and exhilarating liquor to most constitutions 

 than cider. 



4093. The baking and dessert pears fit for orchards, according to Nicol, are the 

 following : — 



*.Targonelle, Crawford or lammas, * camock or Drummond, 

 * grey achan, swan's egg, *moorfowl's egg, *yair, * golden 

 knap (good), Longueville, * summer bergamot, * autumn ditto, 



* Scot's ditto, musk robin (good), saffron, * hanging leaf (very 

 good), the pound pear, cadillac, warden (for baking). 



4094. Gorrie (Gard. Mag. voL iv. p. 11.) recommends the Benvie (Jig. 601. a), Golden Knap (6), 



601 



5gg 



SIS 



a b c 



Elcho (c), Busked Lady (tf), and Pow Meg (e), as handsome trees. But where high-flavoured fruit is 

 the object, and the climate is not unfavourable, the Beurres, the Bergamots, and other new French 

 and Flemish sorts, should be preferred. The following sorts will succeed as standards in the neigh- 

 bourhood of London. Their time of ripening is indicated, and also their qualities : very good (v. g.) ; 

 good (g ) ; and moderate (m.). 



July. * Muscat Robert (mO, gros muscat, (g.} 

 Au'%. Epine verte d'e"te (g.), * jargonelle- (v. g.) 

 Autumn. *Bergamote silvange (g.), *beurre' rouge (g.), 

 bturre vert, (g.) 

 Sept. *Berganiote paysanne (v.g.), rousselet de Rheims. (v.g.( 

 Sept. and Oct. Fondante d'Havay (v. g.), * bon chr^tien 

 d'e'tg. (g.) 

 Oct. Fondante de Brest (v.g.), e*pine dTiiver. (g.) 

 Oct. and Nov, * Beurre" Spence (v. g.), * Marie Chris- 

 tine, (v.g.) 



Nov. Bern-re" Capiaumont (v. g.), beurre" crapaud (v. g.), 

 beurre - d'Afilighem {v. g.), Marie Louise (v.g.), * Napoleon 



(v.g.), *Urbaniste. (v.g.) 

 Dec. Beurre" diel (v.g.), 

 ines. (v.g. 



pastorale (g.), * present de Ma- 



Winter. Josephine (v. g.), poire Canning, (v. g.) 



Dee. and Jan. *(iIoux. morceaux (v.g.), Roide Rome, (g.) 



Jan. Bezi Vaat [v. g.), * Louise Bonne- (g.) 



Jan. and Feb. * Passe Colmar (v.g.), * Passe Colmar gris, 

 dit Frecel. (v.g.) 



Feb. ami March. Orange d'hiver (m.), l'incommunicable. (m.) 



March. Duchesse de Mars, (g.) 



March and April. Gros Remain (m.), *bergamote de Paques 

 (m), *lieurr£ ranee, (v.g.) 



April. Fondante Batave (g-)» la favorite, (g.) 



April and May. Muscat Allemand (m.j, bezi de Calssor. fg.) 



May and June. *Bergamote de Peutecote (g.), Rame- 

 lier. (m.) 



4095. The best sorts of baking plums are the following : — 



Damson, bullace, muscle, winesour, and magnum bonum. 

 Of these the damson is by tar the best, and next the winesour, 



■which thrives onlv on a calcareous soil, and grows wild in 

 abundance in he VVest Riding of Yorkshire. 



4096. The following are excellent dessert plums for an orchard : — 



* Green gage, Orleans, * damask (black, good), white perdri- 

 gon, *blue ditto, blue gage, * white magnum bonum, red 



4097. Gibbs of Brompton gives the following select list of orchard fruits from his 

 own experience : — 



ditto, or imperial, *drap d*or (yellow, good). Of these the 

 green gage, Orleans, and damask are much the best. 



Summer Table Apples. Early Margaret, red Astrachan, 

 oslin, Mason's ear' y, Kerry, yellow Ingestrie, Carter's seedling, 

 Thorle, red fjuarenden, early Ampthill pippin. 



Summer Kitchen Apples. Keswick codlin, Maulden endlin 

 Carte's monsiCT, French codlin, yellow liarv- st, Hullandbury 



Autumn T< bic 4ppU». Ribston, MaTgall, court rendu, 

 DowntODj Ne»town Spilzenburg, English peach apple, 



Fearne's pippin, Wyken, Gravenstein, Ross nonpareil, pomme 

 de neige. 



m Kitchen Apples. Alexander, How bury l >ppin, 

 Hawthornden, Ducht^ of (Hdenburgh, Nelson, dominie, 

 BUn • iro orange, Dutch and French codlins (good for autumn 

 as w -II as summer use). 



W.ntcr and Spring Tabic Apple*. Scarlet nonpareil, oid 



