00 87,000 acn-8, a third pari bogs, mountain*, and waters, and the remainder fit for tillage 

 WParlan's Survey of Sii#o, 1802, Wakefield. Sup !■.>•• '/<./;, -/. lUlui. Oax. 1827.) 



1204 



7886 SLIOO 

 or grazing 



I ;.. . . , IK r,f .1 li^lit, land?, navell! loam, n 



moon ; hi -.m. i-ii- i rUle, bul the 



. nrovlni III 



wooded cenerj around Loukd Gill Ten itrikinjt. 



on the SI - ' "i '•' . ,; hariaa; trovti 

 ■bound, and ■ bite H )i on * 



'. lev :ii. ■ w.irtli I'i 



mall |»r..|.«rc. I ■,■ i In P ' 



Farm* \.ir. In die, i ' 



r t rins, however, are noi ilvldual tenant* , 



bul in I'.inii' r-ii p. The leaia are fbrtnlrtg 



.!, In tome irutances, for liaty-one ■■' 

 i tin-!- 1 ^ . or here than In other partaoJ 



- -till in .1 M-r> In. » rard State. 



ugh i. worked bj three or four horses yoked abreast, 



STATISTICS OF AGRICULTURE. 



IV. 



by .t man who walks backward before them. Outs, 



i ■ i be i iaI crops. Of th 



In Illicit d "lillatii'ii, H hll ' , 



within these few yeaj tied on In almost every part 



of tbe county. It vat to the sale of these tpirits dial many of 

 : tenants Looke i aa the means <>t paying their rents. In 

 some parts, both cattle and iheep .ire kept in conaidezabta 

 □umbers, and a great deal of butter is exported from the town 

 ofStigo ; hut the Land occupied in this way bears but 

 proportion to the whole; to grow corn, being the principal 



Object- lam -.tune and limestone-grave!, winch are in ahumi- 



ftnee in most }> so s, are Ln general use as manures ; also marl, 

 and, on t: i L-weeds. Among the hi U are several 

 lance Of livers. 



The manufactures for export are linen, salt, and kelp. 



The cabins, food, fuel, ami clothing of the tower i Ifiatirs, Been. 

 to he as uncomfortable as in any ot" the Irish counties. 



7887. C W AN, L99.957 acres, almost entirely covered with hills; the surface, soil, ami climate, being 

 alike bleak and uncomfortable. There are no fewer than 91 bogs, occupying 17,00u acres. [Coote's Sta. 

 tisiiait Account, Wakefield, Sup. Encyc. Brit. Edin. Gaz. 1827.) 



Near Famham, the appearance of the country is favourable ; 

 the lakes th- re ore picturesque, and communicate with each 

 .. r. 1 lit' te L 



Two tstiitts are of 30,000 and 26,000 aire-.; besid the e 

 .- great extent Nearly the whole of be 

 . hut the agriculture in ever, i sped is 

 : , : the firms is from 50 to l'vt acres ; but 



iibdivided into farms of from two tu I ■ nty 

 re re-let to the manufacturers or '* cottars," who 

 ji rent for them, by means of their other employments. 

 Their principal object i> to raise a sufficient quantity of oats 

 and potatoes to feed their families, and of Bax to give employ- 

 ment to the women and children. Most of the land is dug 

 with the spade, and trenched : where the plough is u 

 pot three or four horses to it; and when Young visited the 

 county, he found that all over it the horses were yok <1 t.» the 

 and barrows by the tail; that practice, however, is 

 noa disused. Almost the only grain sown is oats, which are 

 reckoned to l>e in the proportion of seventy to one, to all other 

 grain ; there is scarcely any wheat. In 1809, there were 4500 

 acres of Max, from which 60OO bushels of seed were saved. 



7SSS. FERMANAGH. 450,000 acres, in great 

 surface rugged and mountainous, but better wooded 

 eye. Brit. Edin. Gaz. 1827.) 



The ask grows in the hedge-rows ; beeches come to a large 

 size, and also the yew, near Lough Erne; and fir, oak, and 

 yew are found in the bogs. The grand feature in the natural 

 1 of this county is Lough Erne, which occupies ahout 

 the urface, and contains more than three hun- 

 dred islands. It contains most of the fish that are found in 

 other fresh water lakes, and is noted for Its salmon 



irhj the latter. Four of the eel weirs near the falls of 



ad a rent of 1007. each. 



Rttatet are large; three proprietors mentioned 1". Wakefield 



have 13,000V. a year ea h, and other three from 60001. to 7000/. 



The le is. s are most i ommonly for twenty-one years and a life. 



J n the northern part of the county, the farms are larger and 



Though the very tops of the hills are tilled, yet it does not ap- 

 pear that this county produces more grain than is necessary for 

 its home consumption ; nor has the bounty on the inland car- 

 riage of corn to Dublin, increased the very trifling quantity 

 brought to that market. From the coldness and moisture of 

 te, all the corn of C lv in is obliged to be kiln-dried. 



The stock-ittrmM generally consist of ahout 100 or 150 acres, 

 the farmers buy young cattle, and sell them again without fat- 

 tening; a few, however, fatten bullocks <>r sheep, but the latter 

 are v» ry poor. There are ver. few dairy farms, tfiough from 

 these, as they are in the richest parts of the county, 

 deal of butter is sent. .Many pigs are kept by the cottars; and 

 near all the cabins are to be seen goats tethered to the tops of 

 the banks, or " ditches," as they are here called, which divide 

 the fields. 



- was formerly celebrated for Its extensive woods, and 



trees of an immense size ; but at present if is, in genera 

 of Umber, except near Kil more, Famham, and a few other 

 l i Wakefield remarks, that the ash is contined to parts 



of the county, and to Tyrone and Fermanagh. 



The linen manufacture is the staple. 



part covered by water, and much of the rest of the 

 than other parts of Ireland. {Wakefield. Sup. En. 



more productive 'ban in most other parts ofUlster. Oats, har 

 ley, potatoe-, and flax are the principal crops: very little wheat- 

 clover, or turnips being cultivated, exc pi in small patents 

 near the towns. The high grounds are chiefly occupied in 

 rearing cattle, and much of the h iter pastures with dairy 

 StXM k. There are no large flocks of sheep, and their breed of this- 

 animal is of a very inferior description. Agriculture is in a very 

 backward state, and as lately as the year 1808 the p. 

 were accustomed to fasten their ploughs to the horses' tails. 



Linen, seven eighths wide, manufactured to some extent ; 

 and there are several bleach-fields, which finish for tl 



linens sent to England. Illicit distillation is said to be veiy 

 general* 



7*S<». MOXAGHAN. 288,500 acres of low grounds, with detached hills, and a considerable space 

 occupied by bogs and small lakes. (Coote's Survey qf Monaghan, 1801. Wakefield, Sup. Encyc. Brit. 

 Edin. Gaz, 1827. 



There are ajfem Utrgt estates, but the greater part small ones, 

 t which do not even vield a free income equal to the or- 

 dinary wag PUT. A few years ago, there were only 17*2 

 freeholders of n/ and upwards, out of nearly Gooo ; most of 

 i Lderah'e proprietors are absentees; and very Little of the 

 landed proper.) is in the hands of Catholics. 



Farms wen so imaU a few years ago, as not to average ten 

 Irish acres over the whole county; and the management, as 

 might by expected, was exceedingly unskilful and unproduc- 

 ti\e. The spade was used much more than the plough : the 

 latter being an Implement which, with the team required to 



WOTS it, and the parly to attend and direct it, could be brought 



I lion only by the united efforts of several tenants. The 



general term of leases is twenty-one years and a life, or some- 

 times three lives. The principal crops are oats, potatoes, and 

 flax, with wheat and barley in a small proportion ; these 

 how ever, extend over a much greater tract now than they did 

 a few years ago. They make a good deal of butter, but th. re 

 are no large dairies. Goats are in greater numbers than sheep, 

 which is of itself a sufficient proof of the low state of its agri- 

 culture. 



The linen manufacture is said to have averaged, twenty years 

 ago, about '200,000/. a year. It is carried on by the greater 

 portion' of the inhabitants of both sexes, all the small fanners 

 being also weavers. 



I YKo\K. 813,440 acres in great part mountainous, and containing, among other mountains, 

 Bessy Bell and Mary Gray, celebrated in song. The territorial value of this inland and northern district 

 is much inferior to that of most others. (M'Evoy's Survey of Tyrone, 1802. Sup. Encyc. Brit.) 



and sheep are accordingly of a very inferior description ; and 

 the latter, which are not numerous, may frequently be seen 

 tethered upon the small patches of herbage which are inter- 

 spersed among the shares of these partnership concerns. The 

 tillage land, too, is more frequently stirred with the spade than 

 the plough ; and where a plough is used, the team, consisting 

 of imrses, bullocks, and even milch COWS, must he supplied by 

 the contributions of three or four neighbours, w bo unite their 

 means for the purpose, each attending the operation, lest his 

 poor animal should have more than his proper share of the la- 

 Potatoes, oats, and tlaxare the principal i rops. 



Various valusblejbttti* found, but not worked: the best DOt- 

 Ircland, ne.u I>ungannon- LoUgb \e agh, the largest 

 take in Ireland, covers 1 10,000 acres, but is not celebrated for 

 nery. 

 I Bt.it, t are of very great extent, many of them worth from 

 5000& t'» 7000/ . i year, end the productive or arable land di- 

 vided Into very small farms, not often exceeding twenty Irish 

 The chief pvoprietoii are the Marqut i i • ■■•■. 



LordsBelmorei Northland, and Mbuntjoy. The leases are for 

 various periods, thirty-one yeara and three IWes, three lives, 

 and twenty-one yean and a lire, on v. me estates the land 



Lb rough the hands of middlemen, in port Ions of various 

 the actual cultivator, for the most part, m 

 ante suit divisions, it b ci 



M&cerned >n one townland, which is held ;n what is 

 called rundal ■ ; the cultivated land being divided into U LTOS, 



which ■*?'■ changed every year, and the cattle pasturing in 

 common ' utterh mconaistenl with profiutbl 



. r the amelioration of the soil and liv» stock. The cattle 



7891 DONEGAL. 1,100,000 acres of ragged, boggy, and mountainous surface, with a cold, wet 

 climate, and neither woods nor olantations to shelter from the blast iM 1 Parian's Surucu of Donegal 1802 

 Wakefield. Sup. Encyc. Brit.\ ' J s * 



The fitnen manufacture is carried on to a great extent, and the 

 potteries and collieries employ a considerable number of 

 hands ; to which wemav add illicit distillation, which prevails 

 throughout the north-western counties of Ireland. The food 

 of the lower classes is oatmeal and potatoes ; wheat en bread 

 and butcher-meat never being used but on extraordinaiy 

 occasions. 



