10IO 



CALEND \RIAl INDEX. 



I. Calendar of Animated Suture round London, 



in Uu !<> •' tnrk . the buck (' ■ i 

 S nJ rvcckl the golden plover ((li.ir.idnu-. pluvU 

 ( mi ■.. 



rhird meki malls (Umax) and slugs (Helix) burj 

 ■elves. 



week i greenfinches (/'ringiila Mrmturlnsfflla) nock. 



The winter mow ( oetra brurnarla v <<>". ana tl 



tiimi flat-bodj moth (Getfmetra applana Sum.) ap] 

 ii al out the end of the month. 



Calendar of f getable Nature round Lo 



plantain Bower, by accident, chiefly 

 bunuals, according lo the season. 



rveafe; the fungus Wclvella mltra appeals* i.aurus- 

 tlmu in flower* 

 Third nrrk : CUmananthnj Manna In Bower, 



. soma primroses show Bowen al this i i on; 

 and aome plants, unnaturally In flower, still continue it the 

 weathei la teuiuciats* 

 a Farm-yard. (2002.) 



Wintering cattl* anna* introduced to the straw-yards (2902.) 



or hammels (2831.), and others to stalls fox feeding ox tatting. 



ra ought to be kept in good condition at this 



, otherwise they ire apt to £dl ofl towards spring. 



ing goes on at intervals to supply straw. 13198. ami 



4. I Ave Stock, (6216.) 

 See Farm-yard. 



Grass Lan* '>!>.) 



Manure in drj weatiu I W82J ; turn the water on meadow-* 

 adapted far irrigaf . di rtrc anl bills [5775. 



by surface gutters, or ottu wre thai operation li 



requisite; c ul a iter furrows fi>i 1 1" 1 1 im< purpose; admit 



cattle and liones only on the driest pa tures . see tb i 



hi Iter, and ■ peciaUj Dorset ewes likely to lamb neat 

 month. 



6. Arabic Lands. (4925.) 



it water furrows and drains run unobstructed ; plough 

 an i cart out manure, as weather and other drcuzn 

 permit. 



7. Fences (29G0.), Roads (3523.), and Drains. 

 (4213.) 



\ i in last month ; and see that they are in effectual repair, 

 and fairly used. 



8. Orchards (4079.) and Hop-grounds. (5997.) 

 Complete the operations of last month, where interrupted. 



deferred, or neglected. 



!) Wood-lands and Plantations. (S906.) 



As in last month, excepting when the weather is unfavour- 



able. Felling all kinds of timber and coppice not ail ipt< d t.,i 

 barking for the tanner, may now goon freely. (4044.) Willows 

 for baskets maybe cut over (4042.), and' baskets, hampers, 

 crates, and hurdles, made by Uie woodman and heqgi r. 



DECEMBER. 



1. Calendar of Animated Nature round London. 



The mole ( TVElpa europse'a) throws up hillocks. The De- 

 cember moth (Eriogasb-r populi Sam. t appears about the 

 beginning, and the yellow -line quaker (^Vdctua ilavilmea 

 Sam,) about the end of the month. 



2. Calendar of Vegetable Nature round London. 

 Some of the last month's plants continue in flower, according 



to the weather. 



3. 4. Farm-Yard (2902.), and Live Stock. (6216.) 



Threshing, and otherwise preparing corn and straw for the 

 ni irket, ana the use of the working, rattening, wintering, and 

 store Stock are the main operations. Next, the regular sup] k 

 of live stock with food, and cleaning and littering them. Vat- 

 ting stock should be particularly attended to, especially house 

 lamb (7227*) anil calve-,. (6855.) I 



The supply of turnips for cattle and sheep is liable to be in- 

 terrupted by severe frosts, if the precaution of housing aquan- 

 titi 5420.), 01 setting them (d42l.), is not taken in time. 

 U here oil cake, rape c ike, or dust (6094.), brewe.-s or distillers' 

 grains [5112.) are used, supplies must be secured j and where 

 hogs or ciitle an- fed on meal and water mixed and soured, a 

 quantity must always be kept in mixture; as a week or ten days 

 in temperate weather, and a longer period during frost, Is re- 

 quisite to induce the fermentation. 

 5. Grass I. amis. (5643.) 



See thai they are not poached: that water furrows, gutters, 

 drains, and ditches are in repair; and where manuring i-, prac- 

 rt it out in frosty weather where there is no danger i f 

 injur, from the feet of horses or cartwheels. Unless labour is 

 leap, carting earths or earthy composts on grass lands 

 will not pay the experu.es ; they produce more effect on arable 

 lands. 



6 Arable Lands. (4025.) 



Bee thai all the modes of drainage are effective. (4278.) 



Plough and c.irt out manure according to weather and other 

 circumstances. 

 1 R m 1 1 960.), Roads (3523.), and Drains. 121 I 

 Plant hedges (2977.) and build walls only in temperate 

 .. as fro r. au injures the runts of plants, and freezes 

 humid mortar, thereby effectually preventing its setting. 

 ■I'd drains m.iv he made and mended in all weathers 

 that Bdmif t his. 



8. Orchards (4079.) and Hop. grounds. (5997.) 

 Clear old trees ox moss or mlsletoe; but prune only m mild 



WC t bar. Dig and clung at any time. 



9. Woodlands and Plantations. (3906.) 



Fell timb' r or cop^e of sorts not adapted for barking. [4044.) 

 r grub up tree roots, stacking them fur fuel or charcoal. 

 [4068*) Trench, dig, or otherwise prepare ground fin plant- 

 ing j but lift plants from the nursery, and re-insert them in 

 tlons only In mild weather, and when the soil does not 

 loach by breading, \c. The rest as in November. 



Evergreen*, as Mr. M'Xab has ably shown and proved by 

 experience, may he planted at any period during winter, when 

 the weather is mild. He says, *' 1 have planted evergreens at 

 all seasons of the year with nearly equal success, except from 

 the middle of .Tune to the middle of August, and even during 

 this period 1 have planted some: but unless the weather is 

 very dull and moist, and even with such weather, it is difficult 

 to prevent the plants suffering considerably, and in manv 

 c■a^es it is years before they recover. Although, however, I 

 have planted evergreens ten months out of the twelve, with 

 little difference in the success, yet one season has a preference 

 over the others with me ; and when there is the power of 

 choice, I would recommend late in autumn, winter, or early 

 in spring; that is, any time from the middle of October to the 

 middle of February, and in general the beginning of this 

 period is the best i that is, from the middle of October to the 

 middle of December, always providing that the weather and 

 the ground are favourable ; that is, supposing there is no frost, 

 no drying wind, nor much sunshine, and that the ground is 

 not too much saturated with wet, either from continued rain, 

 or from the nature of the soil. One of the principal things to 

 be attended to in planting evergre* ns i^, to tiv, on a dull day 

 for winter planting, and a moist day for spring and autumn 

 planting. There can be no secret in the proper treatment of 

 evergreens; if there were, I should say, that it is in preventing 

 their roots becoming dry when out .of the earth ,- to choose 

 moist and cloudy weather for planting; and still better, if we 

 had the power, by foresight or otherwise, to secure a con- 

 tinuance of such weather some time after they have been 

 planted.'' (M'Salfg Hints on the Planting and General Trent- 



ment of Hardy Evergreen* in the Climate qfScotland 3 \r. p. 17.) 



Mr. Crniks/uiiik lias shown that poor waste ground, which, 

 if trenched or ploughed would not bear a crop of grain, will, 

 after being planted and kept under vood for some years. In- 

 come tit for every purpose ot agriculture. "On a rising ground, 

 not far from the village of Ellon, a piece of ground of a dry 

 gravelly nature, which has lately been t. lean d of a ci op of full- 

 grown Scotch lirs, was trenched in a very partial aid imper- 

 fect manner, the roots of the trees being scarcely eradicated, it 

 was then sown with oats, without receiving lime, dung, or 

 manure of any other description; yet the crop was so luxu- 

 riant, that a great part of it lodged. The following spring, 

 the ground was again sown with the same species of grain, 

 without receiving any enrichment; and, when harvest ar- 

 rived, the crop was unequalled by that of the richest fields, 

 in a neighbourhood which is generally considered fertile. 

 The experiment was tried a third time, still without manure, 

 and the return was again considerably above an average. 

 The soil, as has already been remarked, was dry and gravelly, 

 and far fiom possessing any natural qualities that could have 

 been the cause of such extraordinary productiveness. When 

 planted, it had been covered with heath, and in that state had 

 not been superior to those waste lands which we occasionally 

 see improved at a vast expense, and which will produce no 

 kind or crop till they receive a great quantity of manure*'? 

 (Cruikthunk's Practical Planter, SfcA 



