INDEX AND GLOSSARY 



493 



Enteric (emepov, intestine), Canal, the 

 entire food-tube from mouth to anus ; — 

 Polygordius, 270, 276 : Starfish, 312 : 

 Crayfish, 332 : Mussel, 355 : Dogfish, 381 

 Ent'eron or Enteric cavity, the simple 

 digestive chamber of diploblastic ani- 

 mals, 222 

 Epiderm'lS (em' upon: Sepfia, the skin) : 

 in animals synonymous with deric epi- 

 thelium (g.v. , under Epithelium) : in vas- 

 cular plants a single external layer of 

 cells, 416, 420 

 Epipodlte (e'jri, upon : irovs, foot), 324 

 Epi'stoma (en-i, upon : o-tojio, month), 321 

 Epithelial cells : columnar, 58 : ciliated, 



59 



EpltbelilUn (eVi, upon : AtjA^, the nipple), 

 a cellular membrane bounding a free 

 surface, 244 : coBlomic, 274 : deric, 

 273 : enteric, 274 



EQDISETUM (cquus, a horse: ieta, a 

 bristle) :— Figures, 435, 437 : general 

 characters, 434 : cone and sporophylls, 

 436 : male and female prothalli, 437 : al- 

 ternation of generations, 438 



Equivocal generation. See Abiogenesis. 



EUGLEN'A ( euyArji'O?, bright-eyed) :— 

 Figure, 45 : occurrence and general 

 characters, 44 : movements, 44 : struc- 

 ture, 45 : nutrition, 46 : resting stage, 

 47 : reproduction, 48 : animal or plant ? 

 180 



Euglen'oid movements, 45 



Evolution (cvolvo, to roll out), organic : 



definition, 143 : illustration of in connec- 

 tion with species of Zoothamnium (Dia- 

 gram), 144 



Excretion {ex<emo, to separate), the 

 separation of waste matters derived from 

 the destructive metabolism of the or- 

 ganism, 16, 281 



Exog enOUS («f, out of: yiyvoy^ai, to come 

 into being), arising from the exterior, 

 '.jr. It-aves, 422 



Exopodite (tfui, outside : jtovs, foot), 323 



Exoskel'eton (efai, outside, and skeleton, 

 from <TK(KKiii to dry), ttie external or 

 skin-skeleton : cuticular, 238, 273 : der- 

 mal, 308, 327, 350, 369 



Eye, Crayfish, 342 : Dogfish, 394 : 



Eye-spots or Ocelli :— Medu.sa, 244 : 

 Polygordius, 296 



Eye-stalks, 321 



F 



Fsces ( faex, dregs), solid excrement, 

 consisting of the undigested portions of 

 the food, 16 



Ferm'ent (fermentum, yeast, {xo^x\ fer- 

 vio, to boil or ferment), a substance 

 which induces fermenta'tion, i.e. a 

 definite chemical change, in certain sub- 

 stances with which it is brought into 

 contact, without itself undergoing 



change : unorganized and organized 

 ferments 80 : alcohoUo, 76 : ace- 

 tous, 91 : diastatic or amylolytic, 81 : 

 lactic, 91 : peptonizing or proteolytic, 

 81 : putrefactive, 91 : ferment-cells of 

 Mucor, 168 



FERNS : — F'igures, 414, 424 : general 

 characters 412 : histology of stem, leaf, 

 and root, 415 : nutrition, 422 : spore- 

 formation, 422 : prothallus and gonads, 

 425 : development, 426 : alternation of 

 generations, 429 



Fertillza'tion (fertilis, bearing fruit) ; 

 the process of conjugation of a sperm or 

 sperm-nucleus with an ovum, whereby 

 the latter is rendered capable of develop- 

 ment : a special case of conjugation 

 (q.v.), 199 : details of process, 260 : in 

 Vaucheria, 173 : in Gymnosperms, 458, 

 in Angiosperms, 475 



Filtering air, method of, 99 



Fins, Dogfish 369 



Fission \fissio, a cleaving). Simple or 

 binary, the division of a mother cell 

 into two daughter-cells : in Amoeba, 19 ; 

 Heteromita, 40 : animal- and plant-cells 

 generally, 65 : Paramoecium, 114 : 

 Vorticella 131 



Fission, multiple, the division of a 

 mother cell into numerous daughter- 

 cells :— in Heteromita, 42 : Protomyxa, 

 51 : Saccharomyces, 74 



Fission, process intermediate between 

 simple and multiple, Opalina, 124 



Flagelltun. See Cilium. 



Flag ellate Infusoria, 107 



Flagell'Ula (diminutive oAJlagellnui), the 

 flagellate germ of one of the lower 

 organisms (often called zoospores, 51, 54 



Flagell Um {/Jagellum, a whip) : defined, 

 25 : transition to pseudopod, 52, 22S 



Floral receptacle, the abbreviated axis of 

 an angiospermous flower 464, 471, 473 



Flower, a specially modified cone {g.v.), 

 having a shortened axis, which bears 

 perianth-leaves as well as sporophylls, 

 463 : often applied to the cone of Gymno- 

 sperms, 452 



Food-current, Mussel, 359 



Food-vaCUOle, a temporary space in the 

 protoplasm of a cell containing water 

 and food-particles, 11, 112 



Foot : of Mussel, 349 : of phyllula of fern, 



FORAMINIF'ERA {foramen, a hole -.fero 

 tobear),i48 : Figures, 149, 150, 151 



Fragmenta'tion of the nucleus, tzo 



Fruit of Angiosperms, 476 



Func'tlon (functio. a performing), mean- 

 ing of the term, 9 



G 



Oam'ete (ya{Uu>, to marry), a conjugating 

 cell, whether of indeterminate or deter- 



