I 



Tnnmitiim Stntllrs 41 



ipposed tliat the wind would cross this bi-cycloiiic line at an angle of 45*. 

 \\\ his Mefcorof/rapfiica he had niotlified this statement. Hf writeo: 



"Many iiii-ltNii-olo^iHtN will refer with eaf{eriieH)i to tliei«i wind dim' 



may coiiKrni or i>|)p<>»(» the theory of eyel<>iie«. I iliMluce from them 



existenie, not only of cyclones, liut of wlmt 1 ventured to cull anticyelonex If the line* of 

 wind currentH, in the hhick and red litlio^r»|>hi4, are c(>ni|Mire<l with the l>aruhietrical charta 



i lediately alx>ve tlieni, one univerwd fact will l>e found tlirou){liout the entin' month. It iw 



that on a lint^ l)einj» drawn from the locus of liijjln^Ht to the Iocun of lowest Imrometer, it will 

 invariably be cut more or less at rij,'ht angles by the wind; and especially, that the wind will 

 lie found to strike the If/l side of the line, as drawn from the locus of hi>{hest Imnmieler. In 

 short, as by the ordinary well-known theory, tiie wind (in our hemisphere) when in<lrau!.'ht«l 

 to an area of li;,'ht ascendinff currents, whirls round in a lion to tii' 'nt* 



of the hand of a watch, so, conversely, when the wind li. /rum n r. i of 



dense de,scendin(» currents, or of lieaptMl up utmosphere, it wliiilh round in th< u an 



the hands of a watch. I conlideiitly appeal to these maps, and esjiec-ially to i - .l.SH. 



whence these charts have been retluce<l, to confirn) the theory." {Mflforoi/raphica, p. 7, col. i.) 



From the temperatme cliarts (Jalton did not dfaw couchisions as e|)Och- 

 makin^ as from the pressure charts, perliaps lie laid overmuch stre-ss on the 

 direction of the wind as the chief 8f)urce of hot and cold areas; but when 

 we persist heyond that first feeling of repuj^nance which the crudely hatched 

 masses of red and lilack on his charts e.xcite in our minds, we catch glimpses 

 of broiwl generalisations, or if the reader prefers suggestions, of what might 

 flow from the more accurate synchronous data plotted by similar methods 

 for still more extended arejis. 



"The areas of Imronietric elevation ami deprtssion an; enormous, and in their main features 

 are very regular. They are easily recngnise<l by the lithographic maps, in black and red. There 

 is no case in which the Charts include the whole breadth or length of any one of these areas, 

 and there are cases where clearly not one-half of them is included, yet the map is alK>ut 1,200 

 geographical miles in height and 1,500 in breadth. They do not move with regularity, ridge 

 iH'hind ridge, like waves of the sea, but they are ever changing their contours and their sections. 

 They also vary in the speed and directions of their movement of translation." (p. 7, col. ii.) 



Galton had seen that Great Britain was not a large enough area for 

 meteorological inquiry; he then attempted what might be learnt from what 

 he terms an "enormous area," only again to realise that 'JOOO niilfts is hardly 

 adequate to exhibit at the same time a cyclonic ami an anticyclonic system. 

 He thus prepared the way for that world meteorology on which modern fore- 

 casting essentially depends, and which is now-a-days a commonplace of our 

 daily papers. 



Nay, it is to Galton himself that we owe those little weather charts which 

 form a fomiliar item of our morning news, e.g. in the Tmies newspaper. 

 There is a little series of maps in the (Tultoniana of the Galton Laboratory 

 of which the diagram on page 42 is a reproduction, under which Galton 

 has written "First attempt made for Times by a drill pantagraph in phwter 

 and a stereo taken from it, my propositi." The maps are for Decemiier 10. 

 Evening, and show by different types of shading the areas which lie between 

 certain ranges of the meteorological characters'. It is interesting to compare 



' Galton does not on those first maps state what characters were ropresentetl by the two 

 systems, probably pressure and cloudiness; there are no indications of wind direction and no 

 printed figures. 



!■ o n « 



