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Earhj Anthrtqxdoyical Reaearches 121 



but only under tJie direction of tirst-class scientists, and tlie very sciences 

 these men were to be udepts in — experimental psychology, medical histo- 

 giaphy and physical anthropometry — were either unborn or in the moat 

 infantile staj^es at that date. Had the sciences existed, and the scientists 

 been turthcomiug in ade(|uate numbere, the cost of CJalton's network of 

 Eugenics Record Offices would have been prohibitive! All this Galton very 

 soon realised, and it forms the key to his later labours — he set about creating, 

 or at any rate building up from feeble beginnings, the requisite branches of 

 science. He later ditferentiated the science of eugenics from eugenics pro- 

 pagandism, and realised how the latter, if not adequately btised on the former, 

 might easily, if not discreet, delay rather than accelerate the spread of 

 fundamental truths. 



We are, fitly years later, scarcely yet ripe fur the registration of the 

 fitter and abler members of our society. Indeed, while the youth of our 

 professional classes is now far more open to an appreciation of the funda- 

 mental importance of sex-questions on the future of the race, the main 

 conception of eugenics htus scarcely reached the artizan class&s, and many of 

 the fundamental ideas of trades-unionism are retrogressive from the racial 

 standpoint'. Galton's belief that racial improvement must depend on the 

 creation of a caste in each social class, a caste which will seek intermarriage, 

 and to which social recognition will give differential opportunities for starting 

 a home and founding families, will long outlive the scheme by which he pro- 

 posed in 1873 to attain it. We may, however, learn .something still from 

 Galton's proposed national register. For example, that he did not think it 

 would be immediately adequate and successful : 



"A vast deal of work would be, no doubt, thrown away in collecting niat-enats about persons 

 who afterward.s proved not to be the parents of gifted children. Also many would be registore*] 

 on grounds which our future knowledge will pronounce inade<]uate. Hut gradually, notwith- 

 Htanding many niistako.s at first, much ridicule and mi:>understunding, and not a little blind 

 hostility, people will confess that the scheme is very reasonable, and works well of its own 

 accord. An immen.se deal of investigation and criticism will l)ear its proper fruit, and the 

 cardinal rules for its successful procedure will become understootl and laid down Such, for 

 example, as the physical, moral and intellectual qualifications for entry on the n-gister, and 

 especially as to the incre^wed importance of those which are not isolate<l, but common to many 

 members of the same family. It will be neces-sary also to have a clear idea of the average order 

 of gifts to aim for, in the race of the imme<liate future, t>earing in mind that sudden and 

 ambitious attempts are sure to lead to di.sappointment. And again, the degree of rigour of 

 selection netx^ssary among the parents to insure that their children should, on the average, 

 inherit gifts of the oitler aimed at. Lastly, we should learn particulars concerning specific 

 types, how far they clash together or are mutually helpful." (p. rj6.) 



And again, referring to voluntary marriage within the caste: 



"So a man of good race would feel that marriage out of his caste would taniish his blood, 

 and his sentiments would be sympathi.swl with by all. As regards the democratic feeling, its 

 assertion of equality is deserving of the highest admiration so far as it demands e<]ual con- 

 sideration for the feelings of all, just iii the same way as their rights are equally maintained 

 by the law. But it goes further than this, for it asserts that men are of equal value as socIaI 



' Wages as a standard of craft-ability, and as a rough measure of capacity for founding a 

 home and family, have been not entirely, but very largely interfere<l with by Trade Union 

 action. 



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