378 Life and Letters of Franch Galtou 



investigated whether there was any relation between superior strength oi 

 the right or left hand and superior reading power of the right or left eye. 

 Presumably he made a correlation table ; he tells us that he found no asso- 

 ciation, but he considers that an association would be less improbable iiad hv 

 l)een able to compare the difference in skill of right and left hands with the 

 difference in vision of the right and left eyes. 



The paper concludes with the data on highest audible note referred to 

 on our p. 221. 



A study of this paper suggests at once the road along which Galtuii \\ as 

 being airrietl towards the conception of correlation ; we shall see soon how he 

 recognised that the numerical association between two anthropometric variates 

 and the (piantitative measure of the intensity of the hereditary factor were 

 one and the stune inatliematical problem. 



While Galton began immediately to use his data for the problem of 

 correlation he did not hesitate to place portions of it before other investi- 

 gatoi-s that they might if tliey liked reduce it by otiier methcxls. Thus in 

 1889 he published' data for 400 of the 518 individuals, extracted by Mr J. H. 

 Young (see our j). .376). These data are for adults aged 23, 24 and 25, and 

 for other individuals than those he himself used in his 1888 Royal Society 

 memoir on CoiTclation. They give Age, Status (married or smgle), Eye 

 Colour, Birthplace, Occupation, Residence, Vital Capacity, Squeeze of both 

 hands, Span, Sitting Height, Stature and Weight in ordinary indoor clothing. 

 As far Jis I know they nave never been reduced, and would prove ratiier 

 inadefjuate in number if allowance were made for birthplace and occupation. 

 For a really full discuasion of these matters, it woidd be needful to return to 

 the much fuller material in the far more numerous original records. 



Two further papers remain to be touched on, although of a much later 

 period than the first Anthropometric Lalx)ratory. It will, I think, be wiser 

 to take the later of these first, because it gives us more of the liistory of his 

 laboratories. It is entitled : " Retrospect of Work done at my Anthropometric 

 Laboratory at South Kensington," and was published in 1891^ 



Gralton's Anthropometric Laboratory on the closing of the Health Exhi- 

 bition in 1885 had been transferred to a piece of vacant ground, which later 

 was taken over by the Imperial Institute. Here the laboratory, under 

 Serjeant Randal as Superintendent, continued its work for five years, and an 

 additional 3678 persons were measured. New measurements and observa- 

 tions were made, including the wonderful collection of finger-prints now in 

 the (ialtoniana. But Galton after six years' experience had begun to realise 

 that an Anthropometric Laboratory cannot remain stationary either in its 

 methofls or in.struments. It must always be starting new inquiries, and needs 

 for tliis purptse a scientific research staJf. He had himself used his liiljoratory 

 for various special researches, such as the Finger-Print inquiry, the question 



• Journal o/lhf Authropolotjical Iimtilulf, Vol. xvni, pp. 120 .30. 



• Jhid. Vol. XXI, pp. 32-5. The Ijiboratoi-y wa.s disinaiitlwl in February 1891, and 

 n"open«l Au^uHt .3, 1891. Qalton Htates in his Retrnitpext that the South Konsingtf)n MuNtmni 

 autlioritieii had ofTcrwl to place a larger and bettor lighted space at his di8i>o8al under their 

 own roof. 



