152 THE WHEAT PLANT 



These groups are again subdivided into varieties, to each of which he 

 gives a triple name. 



Kornicke in 1885 (Die Arten und Varietaten des Getreides, vol. i.) 

 recognised three species of wheat, viz. : 



1. Triticum vulgare, Vill. . . . Common wheat. 



2. Triticum polonicum, L. . . . Polish wheat. 



3. Triticum monococcum, L. . . . Einkorn or small Spelt. 



He divides T. vulgare into six sub-species, viz. : 



I. Rachis tough : grains easily separated on thrashing. 

 Sub-species 



1 . Triticum vulgare, Vill. . . . Common wheat. 



2. Triticum compactum, Host . . Dwarf wheat. 



3. Triticum turgidum, L. . . . English wheat. 



4 Triticum durum, L. Hard (or Macaroni) wheat. 



II. Rachis fragile : grain firmly enclosed in the glumes. 

 Sub-species 



5. Triticum Spelta . . . . Common Spelt. 



6. Triticum dicoccum, Schrk. . . Emmer. 



E. Hackel (Engler and Prantl's Nat. Pfl. vol. ii. pp. 2, 81, 84 [1887]) 

 separated the genus Triticum into two sections : 



Section I. : Aegilops, with rounded glumes, not keeled or only faintly so. 

 Section II. : Sitopyros, with sharply keeled glumes. 



In the latter section, which embraces the cultivated wheats, are 

 included three species, viz. : 



i. T.monococcum. 2. T. sativum. 3. T. polonicum. 



T. sativum is divided into several races as follows : 



I. Rachis fragile and grain firmly invested by the glumes. 



i. Ear lax, quadrate, empty glumes with blunt keel : 



(a) T. sativum Spelta. 



2. Ear denser, compressed, empty glumes sharply keeled: 



(b) T. sativum dicoccum. 



II. Rachis tough : grain loosely invested by the glumes. 



(c) T. sativum tenax. 

 (c) T. sativum tenax is divided thus : 



a. T. sativum vulgare . . . (T. vulgare, Vill.). 



/B. T. sativum compactum . . . (T. compactum, Host), 



y. T. sativum turgidum . . . (T. turgidum, L.). 



5. T. sativum durum . . . (T. durum, Desf.). 



