CLASSIFICATION 155 



Young shoots, prostrate ; young leaves blue-green, clothed with soft hairs of 

 nearly equal length ; culm leaves yellowish -green. 



Straw, slender, solid or hollow with thick walls ; nodes clothed with de- 

 flexed hairs. 



Ear, bearded, compressed, much narrower across the face than the 2 -rowed 

 profile ; spikelets i- to 2 -grained ; terminal spikelet large and frequently fertile ; 

 rachis very fragile, usually fringed along the margin with long straight hairs. 



Empty glume, long, narrow, keeled to the base ; apical tooth blunt or acute ; 

 the strong nerve on the outer half converging towards the base of the apical tooth 

 and ending in a short secondary tooth. 



Palea, not divided longitudinally. 



Grain, very long (9-12 mm.), narrow, and flinty, somewhat triangular in 

 section, with a conspicuous tuft of white hairs at the apex. 



RACE II. Triticum dicoccum, Schiibl. Emmer. 



Coleoptile, in Indo-Abyssinian Emmers usually 4- to 6-nerved ; in European 

 Emmers 2 -nerved. 



Young shoots, usually erect ; young leaves with soft hairs of nearly uniform 

 length. 



Straw, solid or hollow with thick walls ; Indo-Abyssinian forms short, 

 European forms taller. 



Ear, bearded, compressed, narrower across the face than the 2-rowed pro- 

 file ; spikelets generally 2-grained ; rachis fragile or tough, narrow, fringed 

 with short hairs. 



Empty glume, long and narrow, the outer face flat ; keel prominent from tip 

 to base ; apical tooth in Western European forms acute and curved as in T. 

 durum ; in the Russian. Indian, and Abyssinian forms short and blunt. 



Grain, flinty or semi-flinty, 7-9 mm. long, narrow, pointed at both ends, 

 ventral side flat or slightly concave ; cross section more or less triangular. 



RACE III. Triticum orientale, mihi. Khorasan Wheat. 



Coleoptile, 2-nerved. 



Young shoots, erect ; young leaves narrow, pubescent, hairs of nearly uniform 

 length. 



Straw, of medium height, solid or hollow with thick walls. 



Ear, bearded, very lax, almost square ; rachis tough ; awns scabrid to the 

 base, more or less deciduous. 



Empty glume, long and narrow ; apical tooth blunt. 



Grain, white, very long (10-5-12 mm.), narrow, flinty. 



RACE IV. Triticum durum, Desf. Macaroni Wheat. 



Coleoptile, 2-nerved. 



Young shoots, erect ; young leaves quite glabrous or nearly so. 

 Straw, tall, solid or hollow with thick walls. 



Ears, usually bearded, square in section or narrower across the face than the 

 2-rowed profile ; bearded, stiff, usually erect ; rachis more or less fragile ; the 



