156 THE WHEAT PLANT 



awns of great length, diverging slightly, and almost smooth at the base ; spikelets 

 longer and narrower than those of T. turgidum or T. vulgar e. 



Empty glume, long and narrow, the outer face flattish ; keel curved, pro- 

 minent from tip to base ; apical tooth stout, generally acute and usually curved 

 inwards ; glumes somewhat readily detached from the rachis. 



Grain, long and narrow, hard, more or less pointed at both ends, with a 

 prominent dorsal ridge, endosperm flinty ; somewhat triangular in section. 



Transitional forms are met with having slightly hairy leaves and approximat- 

 ing towards T. turgidum, T. vulgare, and T. dicoccum, and one or two hybrids 

 are known differing only from typical T. durum in having beardless ears. 



RACE V. Triticum polonicum, L. Polish Wheat. 

 Coleoptile, 2-nerved. 



Young shoots, erect ; young leaves blue-green, glabrous or nearly so. 

 Straw, tall, solid or hollow with thick walls. 



Ear, bearded ; spikelets large, usually i - to 2-grained ; rachis somewhat fragile. 

 Empty glume, as long as or longer than the rest of the spikelet, narrow, 3-4 

 cm. long, keeled, with two small apical teeth. 



Grain, very long (11-12 mm.), narrow, flinty, somewhat triangular in section. 



RACE VI. Triticum turgidum, L. Rivet or Cone Wheat. 



Coleoptile, 2-nerved. 



Young shoots, erect or prostrate ; young leaves clothed with soft hairs of 

 nearly uniform length. 



Straw, tall, solid or hollow with thick walls. 



Ear, usually bearded, square in section or narrower across the face than the 

 2-rowed profile ; bearded, heavy, often pendulous, and less rigid than T. 

 durum ; rachis tough ; awns stout, very scabrid from tip to base, frequently 

 deciduous ; spikelets about as long as broad, often ripening 3-4 grains. 



Empty glume, short and broad, the outer face convex, keel prominent from 

 tip to base ; apical tooth stout, usually acute and curved ; glumes more firmly 

 attached to rachis than in T. durum. 



Grain, generally mealy, though sometimes flinty or semi-flinty ; large, 

 plump, and somewhat short, with truncate apex and high dorsal hump behind 

 the embryo. 



RACE VII. Triticum pyramidale, mihi. Egyptian Cone Wheat. 



Coleoptile, 2-nerved. 



Young shoots, erect ; young leaves pubescent, hairs somewhat short ; culm 

 leaves yellowish-green. 



Straw, very short, solid or hollow with thick walls. 



Ear, bearded, dense, short, usually tapered towards the apex and oblong in 

 section, wider across the 2-rowed side than across the face ; rachis tough ; awns 

 scabrid to the base and sometimes deciduous. 



Empty glume, keeled to the base. 



