RIVET OR CONE WHEAT 249 



Ear, 9-11 cm. long, much compressed, 9-10 mm. across the face, 14-15 mm. 

 across the side; spikelets 27-32, 2- to 3 -grained ; = 33-36; awns 11-12 cm. 

 long, deciduous (Ear type 2, Fig. 156). 



Empty glume, 6-5-8 mm. long, apical tooth short, blunt (6, Fig. 152). 



Grain, more or less flinty, large, often dark brown at the radicle end, dorsal 

 hump prominent ; 8-5-8-9 mm. long, 4 mm. broad, 3-7 mm. thick. 



4. A smaller form resembling Petianelle blanche, received from Greece. 

 Ears, 7-8 cm. long, compressed, 9-10 mm. across the face, 12-14 mm. across 

 the side. Empty glume, with more acute tooth, but grain as in Petianelle blanche. 



Ear bearded, simple ; glumes white, glabrous ; awns white ; grain red. 



T. turgidum, var. gentile, Korn. Handb. d. Getr. i. 59 (1885). 

 A widely cultivated variety chiefly grown in Spain, Italy, Turkey, and to a 

 small extent in France and the Midlands and eastern parts of England. 



1 . Pisana blanca. A distinct winter form received from Spain ; the flat- 

 faced and narrow-sided ear suggests affinity with T. vulgar e. 



Young shoots, prostrate ; young leaves pubescent. 



Straw, very tall, 152 cm. (about 60 inches) high ; upper internode solid. 



Ear, lax, 9-11 cm. long, 13-15 mm. across the face, 9-10 mm. across the side ; 

 spikelets 19-24, widely separated and somewhat irregularly arranged on the 

 rachis, 3- to 4-grained ; = 20-23 ; awns 10 cm. long, slender, divergent, and 

 deciduous (Ear type, Fig. 155). 



Empty glume, 7-8 mm. long ; apical tooth blunt (6, Fig. 152). 



Grain, mealy, somewhat narrowed at the apex, dorsal hump prominent ; 

 7-2-7-8 mm. long, 3-3-3-8 mm. broad, 3-3 mm. thick. 



2. Poulard Blanc Taganrog. A winter or spring form received from 

 France and Germany ; the name suggests that this form is of Russian origin, 

 but Flaksberger states that var. gentile is not found in Russia. Vilmorin states 

 that it is grown in Central France and gives a good yield if sown not later than 

 the early part of November ; it is adapted to calcareous soils and those of 

 moderate quality. 



Young shoots, semi-erect ; young leaves pubescent. 



Straw, tall, 140 cm. (about 56 inches) high ; upper internode solid or hollow 

 with thick walls. 



Ear, 9-11 cm. long, apex tapered, square, 10-12 mm. across the face and side ; 

 spikelets 28-32, 3-grained ; = 28-32 ; awns slender, 10-11 cm. long, decidu- 

 ous (Ear type i, Fig. 157). 



Empty glume, short (7 mm. long), apex narrow, apical tooth acute, 1-1-5 mm - 

 long (i, Fig. 152). 



Grain, visible between the small short glumes, mealy, plump ; apex narrowed, 

 truncate ; dorsal hump prominent ; 7-7-5 mm. long, 3-5-3-8 mm. broad, 3-5-3-8 

 mm. thick. 



3. Biancone. Spring form received from Italy. 



Young shoots, erect ; young leaves pubescent ; hairs short. 



