RIVET OR CONE WHEAT 259 



of its drooping ears), Red Cone or Eed Pollard wheat, though Tusser implies 

 that Red Pollard was different from Red Rivet ; White Rivet is also mentioned 

 by Worlidge (1681). 



Neither this nor the previously mentioned forms of var. dinurum are much 

 grown in England at the present day, their place being taken by forms of var. 

 iodurum, to which the generic term Rivet is frequently applied. 



A sample of wheat received from Germany under the name Payne's De- 

 fiance consisted of Red Rivet and Blue Cone (see p. 260). 



Ear bearded, branched ; glumes red, pubescent ; awns red ; grain red. 



T. turgidum, var. Linnaeanum, Korn. Handb. d. Getr. i. 63 (1885). 

 The rare form of var. dinurum with compound ears. 



Ear bearded, simple ; glumes red, pubescent ; awns black ; grain red. 



T. turgidum, var. rubroatrum, Korn. Handb. d. Getr. i. 61 (1885). 



A rare variety found by Kornicke among other wheats from Italy. I 

 received a narrow lax-eared form of this variety from Spain ; some of its 

 characters suggest a relationship to T. vulgar e. 



Young shoots, erect or semi-erect ; young leaves slightly hairy. 



Straw, of medium height, 90-100 cm. (38-40 inches) high ; upper internode 

 solid. 



Ear, long, lax, and narrow, 10-11 cm. long, square, 10-11 mm. across the 

 sides ; spikelets 21-23, 3-grained ; D = 22 ; awns 12 cm. long, scabrid to the 

 base (Ear type 2, Fig. 159). 



Empty glume, short, somewhat inflated, 8 mm. long ; apical tooth short 

 (Forms 2, 5, Fig. 152). 



Grain, pale red, flinty, short, apex truncate, dorsal ridge prominent ; 7-6-7-9 

 mm. long, 3-6-3-9 mm. thick. 



Ear bearded, simple ; glumes blue-black, glabrous ; awns black ; grain white. 



T. turgidum, var. Herrerae, Korn. Handb. d. Getr. i. 60 (1885). 



A rare variety the type of which was obtained by Kornicke from Valencia, 

 Spain. 



According to Vasilieff, it is grown in the Tiflis Province of Transcaucasia. 



The Ble Garagnon noir, which Heuze says is cultivated in Algeria and 

 occasionally in the olive regions of France, appears to be a form of var. Herrerae. 



Ear bearded, simple ; glumes blue-black, pubescent ; grain red. 



T. turgidum, var. iodurum, Korn. Handb. d. Getr. i. 61 (1885). 



In some forms of this variety the colour of the glume is a dense blue-black ; 

 in others, especially those with dense ears, it is a pale bluish-grey. 



The ground tint in most cases is reddish, and when this tint preponderates, 

 as it often does in damp seasons, the forms are difficult to separate from those 

 of var. dinurum. The empty glumes of the pale forms of the var. iodurum, 



