276 THE WHEAT PLANT 



5. Winter forms from Russia, Bulgaria, Austria, and France. 

 Young shoots, prostrate or semi-prostrate. 



Straw, tall, 110-120 cm. (44-48 inches) high. 



Ear, 10-11 cm. long, awns slender, 6-7 cm. long; spikelets 18-21, 2- to 

 3-grained ; D = 18-21 (Ear type 2, Fig. 170). 



Empty glume, 9-10 mm. long, keeled to the base, apex broad ; apical tooth 

 acute, 1-3 mm. long (6, 8, Fig. 165). 



Grain, flinty or semi-flinty, 6-8-7 mm - l n g> 3'9 mm. broad, 3-3 mm. thick. 



6. Shirreff's White Bearded. A winter form introduced by P. Shirreff 

 about 1860 ; it is a hardy wheat, productive and late, coming into ear at Reading 

 in the second or third week of June. 



Young shoots, prostrate. 



Straw, very tall, slender, 130-140 cm. (about 52-56 inches) high. 



Ear, 10-12 cm. long, almost square in section, 10-11 mm. across the face 

 and side, with divergent awns 8-10 cm. long ; spikelets 22-25, 3-grained ; 

 = 23-26 (Ear type i, Fig. 178, with awns). 



Empty glume, 7 mm. long, apex narrow ; apical tooth acute, 2 mm. long. 



Grain, semi-flinty, small, plump ; 6-2-7 mm. long, 3-7-4 mm. broad, 3-2-3-5 

 mm. thick (9, Fig. 165). 



Ears bearded ; glumes white, glaucous ; awns white ; grain red. 



T. vulgare, var. erythrospermum, Korn. Syst. Uebers. n (1873). 



This is one of the most widely distributed varieties of T. vulgare, forms of 

 it being found in almost all countries where wheat is cultivated. It is grown 

 more especially in regions having cold winters and hot summers. 



Of the 250 examples collected from various parts of the world the majority 

 came from Russia, Roumania, Hungary, Spain, India, and the United States, 

 but a few were received also from Asia Minor, Persia, China, Japan, Manchuria, 

 Morocco, South Africa, Argentina, Australia, Portugal, Austria, Germany, 

 Holland, France, and England. 



The greatest number are Spring and Winter wheats with lax, compressed ears. 

 With the exception of one or two prolific, bearded, Squarehead wheats they give 

 poor yields of grain, although the baking quality of their flour is generally 

 excellent. 



i. An early form received from the Punjab, India, and common among 

 commercial samples from Karachi and Calcutta ; in ear at Reading about the 

 end of May. 



Young shoots, erect. 



Straw, short and slender, 80-96 cm. (32-38 inches) high ; leaves yellowish- 

 green. 



Ear, 7-8 cm. long, somewhat square in section, with slender, divergent awns 

 5-6 cm. long ; spikelets 17-19, 3-grained ; D = 20-23 (Ear type i, Fig. 176). 



Empty glume, 9 mm. long, apex broad ; apical tooth 2 mm. long (9, 21, Fig. 

 165). 



Grain, flinty or semi-flinty, 6-5-6-7 mm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, 3-1 mm. thick. 



