COMMON BREAD WHEAT 293 



Grain, flinty, 7-3-7' 5 mm. long, 3-5 mm. broad, 3-15 mm. thick. 

 Similar forms were received also from Manchuria, Austria, Hungary, and 

 Germany. 



3. Solid-straw Eed Tuscan. A solid-strawed form of T. vulgare received 

 from New Zealand. It comes into ear at Reading about June 10. 



Young shoots, erect or semi-erect. 



Straw, slender, solid, of medium height, 96-102 cm. (38-40 inches) high. 



Ear, lax, 9-10 cm. long ; upper spikelets with awns 1-2 cm. long ; spikelets 

 20 ; D =22 (Ear type i, Fig. 178). 



Empty glume, 8 mm. long, keeled to the base, with broad apex ; apical tooth 

 i mm. long (2, Fig. 166). 



Grain, mealy, 6-5 mm. long, 3-2 mm. broad, 3 mm. thick. 



4. Frenisburg. Received from Switzerland. It comes into ear at Reading, 

 June 10-11. 



Young shoots, prostrate. 



Straw, slender, tall, 125-135 cm. (48-52 inches) high. 



Ear, lax, 9-10 cm. long ; upper spikelets with awns i cm. long ; spikelets 

 22 ; D = 22 (Ear type i, Fig. 178). 



Empty glume, 8 mm. long, keeled to the base (Forms 9, 15, Fig. 166). 

 Grain, flinty, 6 mm. long, 3-25 mm. broad, 2-95 mm. thick. 



5. fled Fife. A famous wheat grown extensively in Canada and the United 

 States. Its grain is of high quality for bread-making. The original plant was 

 derived from a sample sent by a friend in Glasgow to David Fife in Ontario, 

 Canada, about 1842. The sample is said to have been taken from a cargo 

 shipped from Dantzig to Glasgow. Fife wheat very closely resembles some 

 forms from Galicia and Western Russia, and probably came from this region. 



Young shoots, prostrate. 



Straw, slender, medium height, 95-115 cm. (about 38-45 inches). 



Ear, lax, 10-11 cm. long, upper spikelets usually with awns 10-12 mm. long ; 

 spikelets 20-22 ; D = 18-20 (Ear type i, Fig. 178). 



Empty glume, 9-10 mm. long, apex narrow, tooth blunt (6, 9, Fig. 166). 



Grain, flinty, apex blunt, 6-5-6-8 mm. long, 3-4 mm. broad, 3-3 mm. 

 thick. 



Marquis wheat is supposed to be derived from a cross between an Indian 

 early wheat and Fife. It closely resembles the latter, but its straw, ears, glumes, 

 and grain are slightly shorter (Ear type 2, Fig. 181). It ripens its grain from 

 four to seven days earlier than Fife, and on this account has supplanted the 

 latter wheat in districts liable to early droughts and frosts. 



6. Gandum-i-Kaiseh. A distinct and early form received from Persia. It 

 comes into ear at Reading about May 22. 



Young shoots, erect. 



Straw, of medium height, 91-96 cm. (36-38 inches) high. 

 Ear, lax, 9-11 cm. long ; upper spikelets with curved hook-like awns about 

 i cm. long ; spikelets 20 ; D = 21-22 (Ear type i, Fig. 179). 



