WHITE FLOWERS 



27 



of the cliffs, in spring and summer : the leaves are smooth and 

 rather fleshy, those at the base of the stem being more or less 

 heart-shaped, while the leaves of the flowering stems have no 

 stalks, and tend to be arrow-shaped : the 

 flowers occur in dense spikes : the plant 

 was formerly used as a cure for and pre- 

 ventive of scurvy by whalers and Arctic 

 travellers. 



35. Jack-by-the-Hedge, Sauce-alone, 

 Sisymbrium A lliaria, Cress family. A tall 

 plant (1 to 3 ft.) of hedges and damp 

 woods : the stem is slender, with large, 

 thin, light-green leaves, the upper heart- 

 shaped and coarsely toothed, the lower 

 more rounded : the small flowers are 

 gathered in short spikes, and appear in 

 early summer : " the plant smells of garlic 

 when crushed. 



36. Pepperwort, Lepidium Smithii, 

 Cress family. A common weed of dry 



banks, flowering in summer : the stem is to 1 ft. high, 

 and is closely clad with arrow-shaped, sessile leaves : the 

 lower leaves are narrowed into a stalk : the flowers are small 



34. Scurvy-grass. 



35. Jack-by-the-Hedge. 



. Pepperwort. 



and gathered in short thick spikes : the fruit is an ovate pouch 

 with an apical notch : the plant is rough with hairs. 



37. Penny-Cress, Thlaspi arvenst, Cress family. The stem, 

 which is about 1 ft. high, is loosely clad with arrow-shaped 



