4 Wild Flowers East of the Rockies 



Lanceolate when they are long compared to the 

 width, are pointed at the outer end and taper towards 

 the stem end, the greatest width coming near the 

 stem. Spatulale leaves are rounded or bluntly-point- 

 ed, broadest near the tip and taper gradually to the 

 stem. Leaves are Arrow-shaped if they have a V- 

 shaped appendage on each side of the base; if these 

 appendages are rounded, the leaves are called Auri- 

 culate. Other common forms are Heart-shaped, Oblong, 

 Oval and Round. 



Leaves are Entire-edged when they are neither 

 toothed nor lobed; they are Toothed when the edges 

 are regularly and angularly notched; they are Scal- 

 loped when these teeth are rounded. 



When a leaf has rounded projections on its edge, 

 it is said to be Lobed; when these projections are 

 angular, it is said to be Incised. A leaf made up of 

 several smaller ones is Compound. 



A leaf is Palmately-compounded or Palmately-lobed 

 when the leaflets, or the lobes, radiate from a com- 

 mon center. A compound leaf is Pinnate when the 

 leaflets are regularly arranged on either side of a 

 common stem or axis; when each of these leaflets is 

 also pinnate, the entire leaf is said to be Bipinnate. 



A leaf stem is called its Petiole. Leaves that have 

 no stems, but are seated directly upon the plant stem, 

 are said to be Sessile. If the plant stem apparently 

 pierces the leaf, the latter is Perfoliate. Two leaves 

 appearing, one on either side of the stem, at the same 

 height are Opposite. If three or more leaves appear 

 about the stem, at the same height, they are Whorled. 

 Alternate leaves are those appearing regularly along 

 the stems at different heights. If the leaf should 

 clasp the stem with its base it is said to be Sheathing. 



