Wild Flowers East of the Rockies 161 



CREEPING DALIBARDA (Dalibarda repens) is a 



delicate woodland plant, found from N. B. to Mani- 

 toba and south to N. J., Ohio and Mich. It has creep- 

 ing, densely-tufted rootstalks, from which spring num- 

 erous heart-shaped leaves on long petioles; these 

 leaves, their stems and the flower stalks are downy, 

 the former being scallop-edged or toothed. 



Dalibarda has two kinds of flowers: The first on 

 long, upright scapes spread about half an inch, have 

 five oval, white petals and many stamens; the pet- 

 als are deciduous, faling off soon after the flower op- 

 ens. The second kind of flowers are cleistogamous 

 ones (fertilized in the bud) on short curving pedun- 

 cles from the root. These last flowers are fertile, 

 while many of those with petals are not. Dalibarda 

 blooms from June to September in rich woods; when 

 not in flower, its leaves are often mistaken for those 

 of some of the violets. 



YELLOW AVENS (Geum strictum) grows in moist 

 locations in swamps or thickets. The texture of the 

 whole plant, leaves and stems, is rough and coarse. 

 The root leaves are interruptedly pinnate, the seg- 

 ments being wedge-shaped and toothed; the stem 

 leaves have three to five oblong, acute, toothed leaf- 

 lets. The flowers have quite large golden-yellow pet- 

 als and a downy receptacle. This species is common 

 from Newfoundland to Manitoba and south to N. C. 

 and Mo. 



PURPLE AVENS (Geum rivale) is an aquatic or 

 marsh species with lyre-shaped root leaves and few, 

 3-lobed stem leaves. The nodding flowers have rus- 

 ty-purple petals terminating in a claw; the calyx is 

 purplish and bell-shaped. The flower stalk is from 

 one to two feet in height. Purple or Water Avens 

 is common in northern U. S. and southern Canada. 



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