25 



Strubell''' published an elaborate treatise upon this nematode, which 

 had become a most serious obstacle to sugar beet growing in Ger- 

 many. In 1872 Greef^ described a gall-forming nematode from 

 Germany, giving it the name Anguillula radicola, which Miiller' 

 redescribed in 1883 under the name Heterodera radicola. This 

 was a form closely allied to Heterodera Schachtii and was never 

 satisfactorily determined as distinct from it. In 1889 Dr. J. C. 

 Neap' published under the auspices of the Division of Entomology of 

 the United States Department of Agriculture, a bulletin ujjon a gall- 

 forming nematode which was and had been for a long time the cause 

 of much damage to plants in Florida. This worm he described 

 under the name Anguillula arenaria. Later in the same year 

 Atkinson, (loc. cit.) of the Alabama Experiment Station, published a 

 bulletin upon what was evidently the same species described by Dr. 

 Neal but referred it to Heterodera radicola of Miiller. In 1890 N. 

 A. Cobb,' consulting Entomologist to the Department of Agriculture, 

 New South Wales, published the results of an investigation on a 

 root gall nematode occurring in that country, which he called 

 Tylenchus arenarius and considered identical with Neal's species. 

 This includes the most important general accounts of gall-forming 

 nematodes from an economic standpoint which have been published, 

 although the European literature of the subject is very extensive. 

 Such work, it will be seen, has been very meagre in this country and 

 confined to the southern portions. In addition to these more elab- 

 orate publications short notes upon nematodes have appeared in the 

 bulletins of several Experiment Stations, and in various agricultural, 

 horticultural, and lioricultural publications, mostly within the last 

 ten years. Many of these have contained errors and none have 

 given any comprehensive account of the matter. 



It is impossible to say just when the effects of nematode attacks 

 began to be noticeable in greenhouses. The earliest reference 

 which we have been able to find is in an article in the Auiericaii 

 Florist, April 15, 1888, by J. N. May, in which the writer states that 



3. Untersuchungen iiber d. Bau und d. Entwickelung d. Riibennematoden Heterodera 

 Schachtii, Schmidt. Bibliotheca zoologica II., iS88. 



4. Sitzungsber. d. Gesellsch. zur Beforder'g. d. Naturvviss. zu Marburg 5 Dez., 1872. 



5. Neue Helminthocecidien und deren Erzeuger, Berlin, 18S3. 



6. The Root-Knot Disease m Florida. Bull 20 U.S. Dept. of Agr., Div. of Entomology, 

 1S89. 



7. Tylenchus and Root-Gall. Agr'l Gazette, N. S. Wales, Vol. I., p. 155. jSgo. 



