43 



construction allows it, the shaft should be located in the centre of 

 the stable. In long narrow stables, it should be opposite the great- 

 est number of air intakes. In the type of stable usually prevailing 

 in New England, it may be advisable to place a shaft at each end of 

 the manure gutter. It may be possible in some cases, if the windows 

 are sufficient, to get along without the air shaft. Observation and 

 experience will enable one to regulate the intake and outgo of air. 



Another method, known as the Moody system, introduces fresh 

 air through an opening in the manger front, and allows the foul air 

 to escape through windows or cupolas above. This system, which 

 has much to commend it, is best employed when animals are housed 

 in wings separate from the main barn. Whatever system is 

 employed, direct drafts should be avoided, but there should be 

 sufficient supply of fresh air, so that upon entering the barn it will 

 not seem close and stuffy. Even if ordinary swing doors are used 

 in front of the cows, they should only be partially closed, even in 

 very cold weather. 



The barn should have a thorough airing each day, while the 

 animals are in the barnyard.' 



The stable should be kept free from cobwebs 

 Cleanliness of the and dust. A few hours once a month will be 

 Stable. all the time necessary. At least once each 



year (better twice) scrape the sides of the 

 stable that have become at all fouled with manure and apply, 

 either with brush or force pump, a coat of whitewash. If you do 

 not care to whitewa.'^h, spray thoroughly at least twice yearly with a 

 5 per cent, solution of carbolic acid or creolin. Either of these dis- 

 infectants is cheap, and can be easily obtained at agricultural ware- 

 houses, or wholesale druggists. The droppings ought to be removed 

 at least once each day and twice daily if the animals are confined 

 during the entire twenty-four hours. Land plaster or Kainit 

 sprinkled in the gutters proves an excellent deodorizer. 



'It is of course impossible in this connection to go into any extended discussion of stable 

 construction and ventilation. The aim of the writer lias been simply to call the attention 

 of the farmer possessing the ordinary type of stable to the necessity of supplying fresh air 

 to his stock, and to suggest a few inexpensive methods of doing it. For a fuller discussion 

 of this subject, see the Physics of Agriculture byF. H. King; the Ontario Agricultural 

 College and Experiment Farm Report, No. 119; and the valuable illustrated paper by Dr. 

 J. B. Paige in the4Sth report of the Mass. State Board of Agriculture, p. no. An excellent 

 resuml (illustrated) of these several publications maybe found in Experiment Station 

 work, \'ol. II, No. 4, to be had free o( the Department of .Agriculture, Washington, D C. 



