11 



1st. The solution of copper sulfate, 3 ounces to 50 gallons of water, 

 was applied toward the last of September. The season having been 

 unfavorable for the growth of fungi, the fruit was unusualh' free 

 from scab and the benefit from the use of fungicides was not so 

 apparent, but marked results were obtained from the use of insec- 

 ticides. 



The Plum* (European). Marked results were obtained from the 

 use of the Bordeaux mixture and Paris green in the prevention of the 

 growth of the black knot and the rotting of the fruit. No shot-hole 

 fungus has appeared for many years on trees that were sprayed. 

 (Japanese Plums and Cherries.) In the spraying of these fruits the 

 dilute Bordeaux mixture (4 lbs. copper sulfate, 4 lbs. caustic lime to 

 100 gallons of water) was used without injury to the foliage, while 

 with the full strength Bordeaux the leaves were seriously injured. 

 For the destruction of the plum curculio and other leaf-eating insects, 

 in place of Paris green, which has proved so effectual upon the apples 

 and European plum but which cannot be used on peach, cherry 

 or Japanese plum, the arsenate of lead and Arsenic Lime were used, 

 the former being preferred. 



The Peach. In an orchard containing 42 varieties in their fifth 

 year's growth, two trees of each variety, — one tree was sprayed with 

 the dilute Bordeaux and arsenic lime J lb. to 50 gallons, first as soon as 

 the petals were fallen, secoud ten days later and about the middle of 

 July with the dilute Bordeaux mixture alone for the peach scab, while 

 the other was left unsprayed. The result of this spraying was very 

 marked, the fruit on the sprayed trees being larger, of better color 

 and nearly free from scab, and the foliage more perfect and of better 

 color. 



To test the value of several insecticides found in the market adver- 

 tised not to injure the foliage of the peach, cherry and Japanese 

 plum, the Clark orchard was divided into 9 plots. This orchard 

 consists of 4 rows of Japanese plums, 88 trees ; 3 rows of European 

 plums, 66 trees ; 1 row of American or native plums, 22 trees ; 4 

 rows of pears, 88 trees ; 1 row of cherries, 22 trees ; 14 rows of 

 peaches and apples, 253 of the former and 77 of the latter. The 

 plots are arranged across the rows and include all of the above kinds- 

 of fruit thus : 



*See Spraying Calendar. 



