CONCENTRATED FEED-STUFFS. 



A. Definition of Terms. 



B. Why Concentrated Feeds are Fed. 



C. Classification. 



D. Manufacture. 



E. Protein Standards. 



F. Results of Inspection. 



G. Discussion of Results. 



H. Miscellaneous Feed-stuffs. 



I. Economic Feeds and Rations. 



J. Topics of Interest. 



A. DEFINITION OF TERMS. 



The term "concentrated feed," or " concentrate," taken in its 

 broadest sense, is meant to include the grains and other seeds of 

 agricultural plants, as well as their manifold by-products left behind 

 in the process of oil extraction and in the preparation of human 

 foods. 



All cattle feeds, whether concentrated or coarse, are made up of 

 the following six groups of substances : 



Water. — The several grains and by-products contain when placed 

 upon the market from 6 to 12 per cent of water. 



Ash represents the mineral ingredients of the feed. It will remain 

 behind as ashes should the feed be burned. These ashes consist of 

 lime, potash, soda, magnesia, iron, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. 

 Protein is the general name for all of the nitrogenous matter. It 

 corresponds to the lean meat in the animal, and may be termed 

 " vegetable meat." It has the same elementary composition as 

 animal flesh, and is considered the most valuable part of the feed. 

 Fiber or Cellulose is the coarse or woody part of the plant. It may 

 be called the plant's framework. It is present as a rule only to a 

 limited extent in the grains and by-products. 



Non-nitrogenous Extract Matter consists of sugars, starch and 

 gums. The grains are very rich in starch and similar substances. 



