20 MASS. EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 345 



CORYLUS AVELLANA var. CONTORTA TWISTED Stem FlLBERT 



A somewhat curious but not grotesque, spiral-stemmed form of the European 

 Hazelnut, which builds up into a rather broad, stocky, deciduous shrub, quite 

 suitable for the top of a very large rockery. There are numerous other varieties 

 and hybrids of this species, which was much used in the past for ornament but 

 is now interesting because of edible nuts. 



Corylus Colurna TURKISH HAZEL 



A thick-limbed, eighty-foot, deciduous tree of pyramidal habit, having gray, 

 furrowed bark and smooth, rounded leaves. It does not transplant easily in 

 larger sizes. 



Corylus cornuta (C. rostrata) Beaked Hazelnut 



A nine-foot, free-suckering, native, deciduous shrub with velvety leaves 

 and interesting beaked fruits. It has a use as a tall, thicket-forming ground 

 cover for roadside development. 



Cotinus coggygria (Rhus COtinus) COMMON SmOKE-TrEE 



A large, coarse, deciduous shrub which was much used in old-time gardens 

 as a specimen plant. It owes its garden value and common name to the cloud- 

 like appearance of its mass of plumy-fruiting parts in August and September; 

 also to the yellow or purple autumn leaf tints. It can be used toward the back 

 of deep, high borders. Var. purpureus shows purple in young foliage and 

 flower parts. 



GOTONEASTER 



Because of a rigorous climate, most inland New England gardens cannot 

 hope to contain all of the numerous expressions of this group of deciduous and 

 evergreen shrubs, or sometimes small trees. Despite the fact that the Coton- 

 easters are more at home in warmer temperate sections, careful selection can 

 determine a few adaptable deciduous or semi-evergreen forms which can 

 serve to display the wide range of habit, fruiting qualities, and garden uses of 

 their genus. Such a selection is herewith attempted. Cotoneasters are all 

 best handled as very small plants or from pots. 



COTONEASTER ADPRESSA Creeping Cotoneaster 



A prostrate, creeping, deciduous shrub which can spread out to form a mat 

 yards across but with a height of seldom more than a foot or so. The bright 

 red fruits of early autumn are larger but fewer than those of C. horizontalis. 

 A plant for the larger rockery or for somewhat sheltered banks. 



COTONEASTER APICULATA 



A hardy, horizontal-branched, deciduous shrub which in late autumn carries 

 a profusion of exceptionally large, persistent, red fruits. While possibly less 

 interesting in branching than C. horizontalis, it is definitely more reliable than 

 that species and superior for large-scale rock or bank planting. 



COTONEASTER DAMMERI var. RADICANS (C. humifusa) 



A fine-wooded, prostrate-branched shrub which is able to spread out over a 

 considerable area by the simple process of rooting down as it goes. In warmer 

 areas it retains its small, dark, glossy foliage throughout the winter as a back- 

 ground for the small red berries. A fine ground-cover or rockery plant where 

 hardy, or where protected by snow of some depth. 



COTONKASTRR DIFLSIANA DlELS COTONEASTER 



A loose-growing, deciduous, six-foot shrub with arching branches, grayish 

 foliage, and small scarlet fruits. A plant which can be used in groupings or 



