WOODY PLANTS FOR NEW ENGLAND 25 



DRYAS OCTOPETALA 



A species which is similar to the above except for its white flowers and 

 smaller leaves. Of the two, this species is more widely distributed in gardens. 



Dutchman's Pipe — See Aristolochia 



Elaeagnus augustifolia RUSSIAN OLIVE 



Large, coarse, gray-twigged, silvery-leaved, deciduous shrub up to some 

 twenty feet in height. Of little garden value until it has reached sufficient 

 size to produce masses of inconspicuous fragrant flowers, which in autumn 

 are followed by highly ornamental masses of fruit. It has little, if any, value 

 as a small shrub or in a small-scale planting, and is somewhat difficult to trans- 

 plant. This is the hardiest species of a large ornamental genus. 



Elderberry — See Sambucus 



Elm — See Ulmus 



ELSHOLTZIA STAUNTONI 



A "die-back"' shrub which rises from the ground each spring to some two 

 or three feet to show its prominent, one-sided spikes of lilac-purple flowers in 

 early autumn. It can be used in an herbaceous border or in the interstices of 

 large and more permanent woody planting. 



Empetrum nigrum CrOWBERRY 



A ten-inch, spreading, evergreen, heather-like shrub having narrow leaves, 

 small purplish flowers, and conspicuous black fruits. Like other native shrubs 

 of this sort, it resents being taken from the wild in the form of mature plants. 

 When handled as very young plants in pots, it can be made to grow in the rock 

 garden. 



English Ivy — See Hedera 



ENKIANTHUS CAMPANULATUS Redvein Enkianthus 



Tall, somewhat stiff, deciduous shrub. Azalea-like in aspect, its garden 

 value lies in its clusters of creamy-yellow, bell-shaped flowers which in May 

 hang from stiff rising branches much after the manner of those of Berberis 

 amurensis var. japonica. Its autumn show of brilliant red foliage is also 

 worth while. Culture is about like that required for native Azaleas. 



ENKIANTHUS PERULATUS WHITE EnkiANTHUS 



A shorter, fuller shrub than E. campanulatus, which bears white flowers in 

 May and has yellowish autumn coloration of its deciduous foliage. 



Ephedra distachya COMMON JoiNT-FlR 



An exotic, green-stemmed, scale-leaved, procumbent shrub of arid regions 

 which, though out of character in this region, can add interest to a rock- 

 garden collection. Both sexes must be present if the red, berry-like fruits 

 are to be expected to form. 



Ephedra equisetina 



An upright species which in appearance more nearly resembles the Horsetail 

 from which it takes its name. Of interest in rock gardening. 



EPIGAEA REPENS TRAILING ARBUTUS 



A familiar plant which can be used as a limited ground cover in light, sour 

 soils in open woodland areas or in the rock garden. It should not be torn 

 from the wild but introduced into the garden as nursery-propagated plants. 

 It is best handled as small plants from pots. 



