CAPE COD CRANBERRY IXSECTS 7 



The work of the second brood varies more than that of tlie first. It may be 

 more severe or less severe, depending on how mucli the Iiatciiing is suppressed 

 and how freely tlie worms die of disease. If the hatching begins while the 

 vines are in flower, the small worms may work mostly in the blossoms, espe- 

 cially in the ovaries which they excavate to form tiny cups, and web tlie foli- 

 age only in their later stages. Usually they go to the tips when they hatch 

 and sew the leaves together, but this tip-webbing is more- gradual than that 

 oi the iirst brood. They usually web together several uprights at last and 

 may make nests even larger than those of the first brood. Whether they web 

 much or not, they reduce the crop in proportion to the amount of infestation 

 by scoring the berries or working in them somewhat as the fruit worm does. 

 This brood may greatly reduce the crop possibilities for the next year, for the 

 tips of the injured uprights usually fail to form normal fruit buds. Many of 

 the cliewed leaves soon drop and the vines recover somewhat in tlie fall, main- 

 ly by putting out some tip growth, init the uprights are often rather bare. 



l>eiicriptloii (Hid Seasonal History. 

 The I<J(i<i. 



This ]iest winters in the egg stage, some of the eggs having been laid i)y 

 second-brood moths and some by first-brood moths, the hatching of the latter 

 having been suppressed. The eggs (figs. 4 and 5) are very flat, disklike, light 

 yellow, and about a thirty-second of an inch in longest diameter. They are 

 laid singly, nearly always on the backs of the leaves of the new growth. Often 

 several are placed on one leaf. The leaves of delicate uprights deep among 

 the vines generally have more than their share. 



Most of the eggs on the leaves in late fall often vanish wiiile under the 

 winter flood, and they evidently perish when they disappear in this way, for 

 the infestation always is reduced the next spring when this happens. Usually, 

 however, most of the eggs stick to the leaves until spring and hatch. If an 

 infested bog is left unflooded for the winter and the vines are winterkilled, 

 the dead leaves droji in the spring and the fireworm eggs on them usually dry 

 up and fail to hatch. 



Hatching sometimes starts the first week in May and occasionally is delayed, 

 even on bogs drained of the winter flowage early in April, until the first of 

 June; but normally it begins about the middle of May. The hatching period 

 often lasts but three weeks on thinly vined bogs if the weather is warm, but it 

 may continue six weeks among rank vines in cool weather. 



The black head of the worm may be seen through the shell for a day or two 

 before hatching occurs. When the worm emerges, the eggshell is left as a 

 tliin shiny whitish scale on the leaf. 



The first brood of moths lay their eggs in late June and July. Many of 

 these eggs do not hatch till the next spring. Because of this, the hatching 

 period of the second brood of worms on any given bog often lasts little more 

 than a week. If the winter water is held till late May, the deferment of the 

 hatching of this lirood is very often practically complete. 



The ]\'oni). 



The worm (fig. 6) is greenish or pale yellowish with a shining black head 

 and neck, and is about a third of an inch long when full-grown. First-brood 



