58 MASS. EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 239 



The Pupa. 



Pupation occurs witliin tlie cocoons in late May and June on dry bogs and 

 bogs drained of tbeir winter water l)efore mid-April. The pupa is pale green- 

 ish at first but soon turns yellowisli l)rown and becomes dark brown before 

 tlie moth emeraes. 



The Moth. 



The moths occur from very late May till after mid-August, but abound 

 most in July. They hide among the vines during the day and are hard to 

 flush, so they seldom are seen l)y growers even when abundant. They are 

 very active in calm evenings and may l)e seen at dusk hovering over the vines 

 and alighting occasionally to lay eggs. They have been known to fly 272 feet 

 in one flight and may travel surprisingly far during their life and come to 

 bogs from considerable distances. 



The moth (fig. 4-5) expands ai)Out two-thirds of an inch. The fore wings 

 are mostly dark grayish brown above witii a slight pinkish tinge, each having 

 two whitish areas, one toward the base and one running Ijack from beyond 

 the middle of the front margin, there being two dark dots in the latter. The 

 under side of the fore wings and both sides of the hind ones are light brown. 



Trentment. 



Spraying with arsenicals to check this insect has been tried thoroughly, but 

 with little success. No practicable way to treat it on strictly dry bogs has 

 been found. 



Experiments have shown that the worms in their cocoons generally cannot 

 endure submergence in water with a temperature above 60° F. over two weeks. 

 Bog experience confirms this, for if the winter flood is held till after May 20 

 (see page II) fruit worm trouble usually is iijucIi less than on ii)ogs from 

 which the flowage has been let oft" early. Bogs vary greatly in their tendency 

 to become severely infested, often due probably to dift'erences in their sur- 

 roundings. Holding the winter flowage late every other year is a good con- 

 trol with some, but others need treatment nearly every year. Flooding for 18 

 days in the fall before the water cools too much is eft'ective and should be 

 practiced when the berries can be gathered early enough. The water should 

 go on by September 2.5 if possible and before Octolier 1 anyhow. This treat- 

 ment also controls the blossom worm and the girdler. If it is to Vie practiced 

 reffularlv and satisfactorilv the winter flood should not le held late. 



Cranbarry Weevil.''' 



This insect works on dry bogs and Im as tiint ure flowed for tlic winter but 

 are not reflooded nuich. It is a minor jiest, doing serious harm only on small 

 areas here and there, but when it establishes a considerable infestation it 

 usually stavs for vears unless it is treoted. 



62. Anthonomus musculus Say. — determined by W. S. Blatchley and H. C. Fall. The nims 

 A, suluralis Le C. has been tied to this species erroneously in cranberry literature. 



