ANNUAL REPORT, 1937 97 



berries becomes poorer and poorer. Freshly picked cranberries show a carbon dioxide- 

 oxygen ratio of from 0.3 to 0.6. 



Composition and utilization of the Atlantic Whiting, Merluccius bilinearis. 

 D. A. Bean, J. A. Clague and C. R. Fellers. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 66 

 (1936):415-421. 1937. 



Whiting flesh contains approximately 16.6 percent protein, 2 percent fat, and 1.1 percent 

 ash. The liver oil is an excellent source of vitamins A and D, containing 2700 international 

 units of A and 950 units of D per gram. Smoked fillets, either fresh or canned, were con- 

 sidered the most promising whiting product. 



Nutritive value of chocolate flavored milk. W. S. Mueller and W. S. Ritchie. 



Jour. Dairy Sci. 20 (6):359-369. 1937. 



The effect of the addition of varying percentages of cocoa to mineralized whole milk 

 was studied by means of growth experiments on a total of 72 albino rats. Milk containing 

 1 percent of cocoa gave results equal in all respects to those obtained with the plain whole 

 milk. When milk containing more than 1 percent of cocoa was fed ad libitum, the rate 

 of consumption decreased as the percentage of cocoa increased; when fed in controlled 

 amounts, the growth of the rats was retarded. Assuming that these results may have 

 some application to human nutrition, it seems reasonable to conclude that the cocoa in 

 average commercial chocolate milk does no harm nor does it enhance the nutritional value 

 of the milk. 



The relation of ingested carbohydrate to the type and amount of blood and 

 urine sugar and to the incidence of cataract in rats. Helen S. Mitchell, 

 Oreana A. Merriam and Gladys M. Cook. Jour. Nutrition 13 (5):501-511. 



1937. 



The discovery and repeated confirmation of the fact that lactose and galactose rations 

 may cause cataract in rats has been followed in this laboratory by extensive investigations 

 as to the nature of the metabolic disturbances involved. The present studies into the 

 nature of the blood and urine sugar of rats fed high levels of these two sugars have been 

 made in connection with further observations on factors influencing the rate of develop- 

 ment of lens opacities. It may be concluded that galactose is the sugar responsible for 

 both the high blood and the high urine sugars observed in rats fed on lactose and galactose 

 rations and must be the major etiological factor in this type of cataract. 



A chlorosis of cultivated blueberries. J. S. Bailey. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 

 Proc. 34:395-396. 1937. 



Two years ago there appeared in certain portions of plantations of cultivated blue- 

 berries at Amherst a chlorotic condition of the plants which seemed to be due to a nu- 

 tritional deficiency. Affected plants were also found in Hanover and on Cape Cod as 

 well as in New Jersey. Various treatments were tried, but the only one which has so 

 far seemed effective was an application of ammonium sulfate, and recovery took about 

 a year. 



A genetic study of Tropaeolum. \\'. G. Whaley and A. P. French. Amer. 

 Soc. Hort. Sci. Proc. 34:598-602. 1937. 



The data included in this report have been compiled after observing the results of an 



interspecific cross between Tropaeolum ma-us var. Golden Gleam (female) and T. pelto- 



phoriim fimbriatum (male) in the F, and F, generations. 



Influence of certain fruits on fecal flora and intestinal reaction in diets of 

 rats. William B. Esselen, Jr. Food Research 2 (l):65-72. 1937. 



In order to study further the apparent beneficial, action of fruit diets for intestinal dis- 

 orders, work has been carried on to note the effect of cranberry, blueberry, and apple diets 

 on the intestinal flora, putrefaction, and acidity of the albino rat. A 20 percent cranberry 

 diet was effective in reducing the numbers of fecal gas-producing bacteria and Escherichia 

 coli. Diets containing 20 percent cranberry, blueberry, and apple materially decreased 

 intestinal putrefaction. Diets of 10 and 20 percent raw cranberry, and of 100 percent 

 raw apple significantly increased the acidity of the contents of the cecum and large intestine. 



Vitamins A, C, and D in maize as affected by variety and stage of growth. 

 W. B. Esselen, Jr., C. R. Fellers and B. Isgur. Jour. Nutrition 14 (5): 

 503-511. 1937. 



Vitamin A increased with growth of the plant above 25 cm., while vitamin C decreased. 

 There was no correlation between the amounts of vitamins A and C in the plant and the 



