100 MASS. EXPERIMENT STATION BULLETIN 369 



310 The nutritive value of dried tomato pomace. By W. B. Esselen, Jr., and 

 C. R. Fellers. Poultry Sci. 18(l):45-47. 1939. 



This is a waste product from the manufacture of tomato juice and 

 pulp, and consists mainly of skins, seeds, and hard tissue. The data 

 show it to be a good source of vitamin Bi and a fair source of A and G 

 (Bz). It was readily eaten by chicks from 2 to 6 weeks of age, when fed 

 at the 11.6 percent level. Because of its bitterness, large amounts would 

 probably prove unpalatable to animals. 



311 The nutritive value of distillers' by-products. By A. D. D'Ercole, W. B. 

 Esselen, Jr., and C. R. Fellers. Poultry Sci. 18(l):89-95. 1939. 



Dried distillers grains or concentrated slop — 10 to 15 percent added 

 to poultry rations — will provide a good and economical source of vi- 

 tamins Bi and B2, which are essential for poultry growth and reproduction. 

 314 Seasonal variation in chemical composition of common haddock. G. 

 Chapman Crooks and W. S. Ritchie. Food Research 4(2):159-172. 1939. 



Water, ash, ether extract, organic nitrogen, ammonia, copper, iron, 

 manganese, and phosphorus were determined in four series of haddock 

 samples caught over a period of one year. The four series included fish 

 frozen whole at sea by means of solid carbon dioxide as soon as caught, 

 fish frozen whole by the Birds Eye method as soon as landed, and com- 

 mercial fillets frozen by both the Birds Eye and sharp methods. No 

 significant differences were found in the composition of the samples frozen 

 by the various methods, but there was a suggestion of some seasonal 

 variation in certain constituents. 



317 Effect of pectin supplements on avitaminosis A in rats. By A. Kobren, 

 C. R. Fellers and Wm. B. Esselen, Jr. Proc. Soc. E.xpt. Biol, and Med. 

 41:117-118. 1939. 



The pectin appeared to be beneficial in avitaminosis A only insofar as 

 pathological changes in vagina, nares, and eyelids were concerned. It 

 did not delay onset of xerophthalmia, nor did it have any curative action 

 in this condition. 



318 Nutritional gizzard lesions in chicks. William B. Esselen, Jr. Poultry 

 Sci. 18 (3):201-209. 1939. 



The Massachusetts State College chick ration gave practically complete 

 protection against gizzard lesions. A study of the various ingredients and 

 combinations of them showed that 15 percent each of wheat middlings, 

 wheat bran, and oat groats and 4 percent of alfalfa leaf meal added to 

 the basal lesion-producing ration was almost as effective as the Massa- 

 chusetts ration. In curative studies alfalfa leaf meal was the most effective 

 of the single materials studied, but the Massachusetts ration which was 

 effective in preventing the lesions was also a very good curative agent. 

 Chicks do not store any great amount of the anti-gizzard-lesion factor 

 in their bodies, but need a constant supply in their feed. 



319 The oxidation of ascorbic acid as influenced by intestinal bacteria. By 

 William B. Esselen, Jr., and James E. Fuller. Jour. Bact. 37(5):501-521. 

 1939. 



Certain bacteria, particularly members of the coliform group, inhibited 

 the oxidation of ascorbic acid in culture media. This inhibitory action 

 was stronger with the more actively growing cultures in which the largest 

 number of bacteria were present, and was not observed in the killed cul- 

 tures. It is suggested that growing bacteria inhibit the oxidation of 

 ascorbic acid by certain combinations of three factors: the formation of 

 un-ionized copper complexes whereby the catalytic action of the copper 

 is destroyed; the production of carbon dioxide with the subsequent sat- 

 uration of the medium with it; and the lowering of the oxygen tension 

 of the medium. The most effective inhibitory action was obtained with 

 a combination of all three of the factors. 



320 Effect of particle size on the solubility of magnesium in dolomite and niag- 

 nesic limestone in 4 percent citric acid solution adjusted to pH 4.0 with 

 ammonium hydroxide. By J. \V. Kuzmeski. Jour. Off. Agr. Chem. 22 

 (1):147-150. 1939. 



The results seem to justify the belief that the solubilities recorded 

 might have a definite ratio to the rate of solubility or availability of 



