INFECTIOUS TRACHITIS 47 



liver of chicken V "i^ll in sufticient potency to witlistand dilution and 

 candle filtration, and transmit the disease to one of two healthy chickens 

 following intratracheal inoculation. 



Also the Berkefeld V filtrate of tlie spleen of chicken V 2211 was used 

 to swab the trachea of chicken V 2213. Five days later this chicken 

 died. The general condition of V 2213 was fair. The mucosa of the 

 trachea was inflamed. Coagulation necrosis was evident in some of the 

 histological sections prepared from the tissues of the trachea. Hyjier- 

 plasia of histiocytes and infiltrations of vascular cells were evident in others. 

 The most important gross lesions were the occlusion of the syrinx with 

 tiacheal exudate, congestion, and hyperemia of the lungs, liver, and kid- 

 neys. The spleen was about one-half the normal size for a chicken of 

 two months. This is the second time that this anomaly has been ob- 

 served during the course of this study in birds dead of infectious trachitis. 



The spleens of V 2213 and V 2216 were used to prei)are a Berkefeld 



V filtrate. On June 13, 1930, ^' 2327 was inoculated intratracheally with 

 this filtrate and five days later was found dead in the coop. The carcass 

 showed no evidence of emaciation, although the face was pale, the comb 

 cyanotic, and the feathers ruffled. Apjiarently the chicken had died of 

 suffocation. Pseudomembrane was found in tlie anterior trachea ami 

 desquamative epithelial inflammation was noted in tlie posterior trachea. 

 The syrinx was obstructed with traclieal exudate, the lungs were con- 

 gested, the liver was swollen and hemorrhagic in i)laces, the spleen was 

 inflamed, the kidneys were hemorrhagic in the region of the uriniferous 

 tubules, while the interstitial tissues appeared blanched and anemic. The 

 chicken had died of acute infectious trachitis. 



The swollen and hemorrhagic portions of the kidneys of V2213 and X 

 2216 were carefully dissected out from the normal tissue and used to pre- 

 pare a Berkefeld V filtrate. On June 13, 1930, the kidney filtrate was 

 used to inoculate chickens V 222-5 and V 2226, intratracheally, by means 

 of cotton swabs. A week later V 2226 died. The clinical and pathological 

 findings indicated that the chicken had died of infectious trachitis. Ten 

 days after inoculation V 222.5 died. The symptoms and lesions were typical 

 of infectious trachitis and resembled the findings as recorded for V 22LT. 



Berkefeld V filtrates, prepared from the tracheal exudate of chickens 



V 222-5 and V 2226, were injected intraperitoneally into chicken V 2231- 

 and subcutaneously into chicken ^' 223-5 on June 23, 1!(30. 



Chicken V 2234 died on July 4, 1930. At necropsy the trachea was 

 found congested and hemorrhagic. Patches of pseudomendjrane were 

 observed in the respiratory tract. There was fatty degeneration of the 

 liver, the spleen was swollen, the kidneys were hemorrhagic and covered 

 with urates. From these lesions a diagnosis of infectious trachitis was 

 made. 



Chicken V 2235 lived until August .S, 1930 — one month and four days. 

 In the meantime, the bird had chronic infectious trachitis, the symptoms 

 of which were not serious until August 5. On this day the condition of 

 the chicken was decidedly worse; the face was pale, the feathers ruffled, the 

 appetite failed, and the comb and wattles were cyanotic. The next day 

 marked dyspnea appeared which increased in intensity until the chicken 

 died two days later. Postmortem examination revealed slight catarrhal 

 inflammation, accompanied by pin-point erosions in the mucosa and sub- 



