SHIPPING MASSACHUSETTS APPLES 15 



In Essex County shippers are served exclusively by the Boston and Maine, those 

 in Plymouth County solely by the New Haven. In the southern part of Worces- 

 ter County the New Haven is the principal carrier, with a few growers receiving 

 service from a branch of the Boston and Albany. The growers in "Apple Valley" 

 in Franklin County are served by the Boston and Maine, as are those in Williams- 

 town; those in Hampshire County by the New Haven, the Boston and Maine and 

 the Central Vermont railroads. 

 Most of the growers have easy access to a rail carrier. 



Freight Tariffs Applying to Apples 



Apples take a fifth class rate^ in carload lots with a minimum weight of 24,000 

 pounds. This class applies both to apples in packages and to those shipped in 

 bulk. In computing the freight charge on apples shipped in barrels, the weight 

 used is 160 pounds. ^° Apples shipped in boxes take the actual weight. The joint 

 rates between points in IVIassachusetts and New York are governed by the New 

 England Freight Association's "Joint Class Rate Tariff, applying in either direc- 

 tion between stations in New England and New York." 



The joint rates between points in Massachusetts and the other cities in which the 

 outside markets are located are each governed by a New England Freight Associa- 

 tion joint tariff of class rates. The rates as published in these tariffs apply only 

 when shipments are made in accordance with the exceptions specified in the tariffs 

 of the different railroads carrying the shipment and in accordance with routing 

 instructions as given in the routing guide of the originating railroad. Adherence 

 to routes as published in routing guides of originating carriers is necessary if ship- 

 ments are to receive the benefit of through rates. 



It is desirable for the shipper to designate the delivering carrier so that the rail- 

 road on which the shipment originates can give it the fastest route. There are 

 literally dozens of routes a shipment may follow to some of the markets in the 

 territory east of the Mississippi and north of the Ohio River. 



All standard routings are published by the rail carriers in routing guides. Some 

 routes may be more expensive in terms of total freight cost than others. The 

 freight rate between two points may be the same, yet the total freight charge may 

 be radically different. Once the delivering carrier is determined the most economi- 

 cal route to be used in reaching that carrier is of utmost importance. 



As an example of the importance of routing, the following case may be cited. 

 Acarloadofapples originated on the Boston and Maine in northeastern Massachu- 

 setts and was destined Erie Pier delivery in New York City. Routing orders were 

 to be given by the commission man from New York. These orders were not given 

 until the car had passed Troy and had been transferred to the New York Central. 

 Properly routed the car should have proceeded via West Shore Railroad to Wee- 

 hawken. After passing Troy the car could not be transferred to the West Shore. 

 The shipment reached the 60th St. yard of the New York Central in New York. 

 The connection of the New York Central with the Erie in the New York switching 

 area is at Weehawken on the New Jersey side. To reach Weeha\\ken involved 



9 Consolidated Freight Classification, No. 6. Interstate Commerce Commission Official 

 Classification 50, P. 214, Item 27. 



lOExceptions to Official Classification, Boston and Maine, Interstate Commerce Commission. 

 A2677, P. 27, Rule 205. Weight applies regardless of true weight. E.xceptions to Official Classi- 

 fication, New Haven, Interstate Commerce Commission, F3270, P. 27, Rule 220. 



