IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 57 



three years. Attains a height of 15 feet, and has yielded in the 

 richest soil of Egypt 4,000 Ibs. of peas to the acre. A crop is 

 already obtained in the first year. The seeds can be used as peas 

 in the green, as well as mature, state. Even more used daily in 

 India than Phaseolus radiatus and Cicer arietinum. Some of the 

 tribes of Central Africa use the stem of this shrub in friction with 

 reeds to strike fire, according to Speke. Several species of Cajanus 

 of the Atylosia section, indigenous to the warmer parts of Aus- 

 tralia, might be tested for the sake of the economic value of their 

 seeds. The insect, active -in the formation of Lac, lives extensively 

 on the Cajanus, according to Mr. T. D. Brewster, of Assam. Silk- 

 worms live also on it. 



Cakile maritima, Scopoli. 



Europe, North Africa, North and Central America, extra-tropical 

 Australia. Not unimportant for aiding to cover drift-sand cast up 

 on low sea-shores ; not hurt by the spray. 



Calamagrostis longifolia, Hooker. 



North America. Excellent for fixing drift-sand. 



Calamintha Nepeta, Hoffmansegg. 



It is of the strongest odour among several species, but not of so 

 pleasant a scent as C. incana (Boiss.) and C. grandiflora (Moench). 



Calamintha officinalis, Moench. 



Middle and South Europe and Middle Asia, North Africa. A 

 perennial herb, used like melissa as a condiment. 



Calamus montanus, T. Anderson. 



Himalaya, up to 6,000 feet. A hardy climbing palm. The aged 

 canes are naked. " The light but strong suspension bridges, by 

 which the large rivers of Sikkim are crossed, are constructed of 

 this palm. It supplies material for the strongest ropes for dragging 

 logs of wood from the forests. The most durable baskets and the 

 cane-work of chairs are manufactured from the slit stems. Walk- 

 ing-sticks and riding-canes made of this species are exported from 

 Sikkim in considerable quantity." Many other Calami serve 

 similar purposes, but probably few, or perhaps none, are equally 

 hardy. 



Callitris arborea, Schrader. (Widdringtonia juniperoides, End- 

 licher. ) 



South Africa, 3,000 to 4,000 feet above sea-level. A middling- 

 sized tree, rich in resin. 



