.'', 



IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 81 



Cinnamomum Camphor a, Fr. Nees.* 



The Camphor Tree of China and Japan north to Kinsin, attaining 

 a height of about 40 feet. It endures the occasional frosts of a 

 clime like that of Port Phillip, though the foliage will suffer. The 

 wood, like all other parts of the tree, is pervaded by camphor ; 

 hence resists the attacks of insects. The well-known camphor is 

 obtained by distilling or boiling the chopped wood and root j the 

 subsequently condensed camphoric mass is subjected to a purifying 

 sublimation-process. 



Cinnamomum Cassia, Blume. 



South China. It is not impossible that this tree, which produces 

 the Chinese cinnamon or the so-called Cassia lignea, may prove 

 hardy outside the tropics. Sir Joseph Hooker found on the Khasya 

 mountains up to 6,000 feet three cinnamons producing this Cassia 

 bark, namely, C. obtusifolium, C. pauciflorum, and C. Tamala, 

 the latter extending to Queensland. Dr. Thwaites notes the true 

 Cinnamon tree (C. Zeilanicum, Breyn) even up to 8,000 feet in 

 Ceylon, but the most aromatic bark comes from lower altitudes. 

 Cinnamon leaves yield a fragrant oil, and the root camphor. 



Cinnamomum Loureiroi, Nees. , 



Cochin China and Japan. A middle-sized tree. The leaves locally 

 in use as a condiment and for perfume. 



Cistus creticus, Linne. 



Countries on the Mediterranean Sea. This shrub, with C. cyprius 

 (Lam.) furnishes the best ladanum resin. Other species yield a less 

 fragrant produce. 



Citrus Aurantium, Linne.* 



The Orange (in the widest sense of the word). A native of South 

 Asia. A tree of longevity, known to have attained the age of 600 

 years or more. Any specific differences, to distinguish C. Auran- 

 tium from C. Medica, if they once existed, are obliterated now 

 through hybridisation, at least in the cultivated forms. In Central 

 India a peculiar variety is under culture, producing two crops a 

 year. The blossoms of February and March yield their ripe fruit 

 November and December, whereas from the flowers of July mature 

 fruits are obtained in March and April. To prevent exhaustion 

 only alternate fruiting is allowed. It is not unusual that orange- 

 trees continue in full bearing for 60 or 70 years, and after that the 

 wood is still valued for its durability, fragrance and beauty. The 

 Sorrento honey has the ravishing perfume of orange-flowers, and 

 it has become classical as the best and analogous to that of 



