146 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



is nearly white, tough and durable, often used for oars and handles 

 of implements. Though allied to F. sambucifolia, it is very superior 

 as a timber tree. Ash-trees will grow readily in the shade of other 

 trees. 



Fraxinus Ornus, Linne.* 



The Manna Ash of the Mediterranean regions. Height about 

 30 feet. It yields the medicinal manna. F. ornus is well adapted 

 for a promenade-tree, and is earlier in foliage than F. excelsior, 

 F. Americana, and most other Ash-trees. 



Fraxinus quadrangulata, Michaux.* 



The Blue Ash of North America. One of the tallest of the Ashes, 

 70 feet high, with an excellent timber, better than that of any 

 other American Ash-trees except the White Ash, hence frequently 

 in use for flooring and shingles. The inner bark furnishes a blue 

 dye. The tree wants the mildest of climes and the most fertile 

 soil. 



Fraxinus sambucifolia, Lamarck. 



Black or Water Ash of North America. Attains a height of 80 

 feet. Wood still more tough and elastic than that of F. Americana, 

 but less durable when exposed ; easily split into thin layers for 

 basket-work. The wood is comparatively rich in potash, like that 

 of most congeners. For oars and implements it is inferior to that 

 of the White Ash (Simmonds). 



Fraxinus viridis, Michaux. 



The Green Ash of North America. Height 70 feet ; wood excel- 

 lent, nearly as valuable as that of the White Ash, but of less 

 dimensions. The tree requires wet, shady woodlands. 



Fuchsia racemosa, Lamarck. 



South America. One of the hardier species, with edible berries of 

 very good taste. Another Fuchsia occurs in cold regions of 

 Guatemala, 10,000 feet high, with orange-coloured flowers and 

 with tasty wholesome berries, the latter an inch and a half long. 



Garcinia Travancorica, Beddome. 



Madras Presidency, up to elevations of 4,500 feet. This seems to 

 be the hardiest of the superior Gamboge trees ; hence there is some 

 prospect of its prospering in forests of the warmer temperate zone. 



Garuleum bipinnatum, Lessing. 



South Africa. A perennial herb of medicinal properties, and, like 

 numerous other plants there and elsewhere, praised as an alex- 

 ipharmic, but all requiring close re-investigation in this respect. 



