IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 159 



Hippocrepis comosa, Linne\ 



The Horse-shoe Vetch. Middle and South Europe, North Africa. 

 A perennial fodder herb, not without importance. Likes stony 

 ground, and delights, like most leguminous herbs, in limestone soil. 

 The foliage is succulent and nutritious. Langethal recommends it 

 for a change after Saintfoin pastures fail. It furnishes not quite 

 as much but an earlier fodder. 



Holcus lanatus, Linne. 



Europe, North Africa, Middle Asia. Velvet-grass or Meadow 

 Soft-grass. A well-known and easily disseminated perennial 

 pasture grass, of considerable fattening property. For rich soil 

 better grasses can be chosen, but for moist, moory, or sandy lands, 

 and also for forests, it is one of the most eligible pasture grasses, 

 yielding an abundant and early crop ; it is however rather disliked 

 by cattle as well as horses. The chemical analysis made in full 

 spring gave the following results : Ibumen, 3-20 ; gluten, 4 '11 ; 

 starch, O72 ; gum, 3'OS ; sugar, 4-56 per cent. (F. v. Muller and 

 L. Hummel). 



Holcus mollis, Linne. 



Creeping Soft-grass. Of nearly the same geographic range and 

 utility as the preceding species. Particularly admissible for sandy 

 forest-land. 



Holoptelea integrifolia, Planchon. (Ulmus integrifolia, Roxburgh.) 



The Elm of India, extending from the lowlands to Sub-alpine 

 regions. A large tree, with timber of good quality. Foliage 

 deciduous. 



Hordeum deficiens, Steudel. 



The Red Sea Barley. One of the two-rowed barleys cultivated in 

 Arabia and Abyssinia. Allied to this is H. macrolepis (A. Br.), 

 a native of Abyssinia. 



Hordeum distichon, Linne.* 



Central Asia. The ordinary two-rowed barley. To this species 

 belong the ordinary English Barley, the Chevalier, the Annat, the 

 Dunlop, the Long-eared, the Black, the Large, the Italian, and the 

 Golden Barley, along with other kinds. A variety with grains free 

 from the bracts constitutes the Siberian and the Haliday Barley, 

 which however is less adapted for malt. Dry barley flour, heated 

 at the temperature of boiling water during several hours, constitutes 

 Hufeland's meal for invalids. Barley culture might be carried on 

 in many Alpine regions. Marly and calcareous lands are particu- 

 larly fit for its culture. It resists moderate spring frosts. 



