IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 163 



Hyphaene coriacea, Gaertner. 



Equatorial Eastern Africa. The dichotomous Palm of the sea- 

 coast regions. It attains a height of 80 feet. 



Hyphsene crinita, Gaertner. (H. Thebaica, Martius.) 



Abyssinia, Nubia, Arabia and Egypt, as far as 31 north latitude 

 and southward to the Zambesi, Nyassa and Sofala. In Arabia to 

 28 north latitude (Schweinfurth), up to the plateaux of Abyssinia 

 (Drude.) The Gingerbread Palm or Doum Palm. It is much 

 branched and attains a height of about 30 feet. The mealy husk 

 of the fruit, is edible. Grows away from the sea. 



Hyphsene ventricosa, Kirk. 



Zambesi. Loftier than the other species. Stem turgid towards 

 the middle. Fruit large. 



Hypochceris apargioides, Hooker and Arnott. 



Chili. A perennial herb. The root is used for culinary purposes 

 like that of the Scorzonera Hispanica. 



Hypochosris Scorzonerse, F. v. Mueller. (Acliyropliorus Scorzonorce, 



Candolle.) 



Chili. Of the same use as H. apargioides. Alied species of 

 probably similar utility exist in Western South America. 



Ilex Cassine, Linne. 



Southern States of North America. A tea bush, to which also 

 remarkable medicinal properties are ascribed. 



Ilex crenata, Thunberg. 



Japan. The wood there employed for superior kinds of wood-cuts. 



Ilex Integra, Thunberg. 



Japan. From the bark of this and several other Hollies bird- 

 lime can be prepared, from this species at the rate of 10 per cent. 



Ilex Paraguensis, St. Hilaire. 



Uruguay, Paraguay and Southern Brazil. The Mate. This 

 Holly -bush, which attains the size of a small tree, is inserted in 

 this list rather as a stimulating medicinal plant than as a substi- 

 tute for the ordinary Tea plant, although in its native country it 

 is very extensively used for this purpose. From the province of 

 Parana alone there were exported more than 36 million pounds in 

 1871, besides 9 million pounds used for home consumption ; while 

 in Rio Grande de Sul the local^ provincial consumption is nearly 



