170 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



Juglans stenocarpa, Maximowicz. 



From the Anioor territory. Allied to J. Mandschurica. 



Juniper us Bermudiana, Linne* 



The Pencil Cedar of Bermuda and Barbadoes. This species grows 

 sometimes 90 feet high, and furnishes a valuable red durable wood, 

 used for boat-building furniture, and particularly for pencils, also 

 for hammer-shanks of piano-fortes, on account of its pleasant odour 

 and special fitness. Many of the plants called Thuya or Biotia 

 Meldensis in gardens belong to this species. 



Juniperus brevifolia, Antoine. 



In the Azores, up to 4,800 feet ; a nice tree with sometimes silvery 

 foliage. 



Juniperus Cedrus, Webb. 



A tall tree of the higher mountains of the Canary Islands. 



Juniperus Chinensis, Linne. 



In temperate regions of the Himalaya, up to an altitude of 

 15,000 feet, also in China and Japan. This tree is known to rise 

 to 75 feet, exceptionally even to 100 feet, with a girth of stem of 

 13 feet ; it is of rapid growth, furnishing a reddish, soft, and fine- 

 grained wood, suitable for pencils (Hoopes). Probably identical 

 with it is the Himalayan Pencil Cedar (Juniperus religiosa, Royle). 

 The timber of some other tall Junipers needs tests. 



Juniperus communis, Linnet 



Colder parts of Europe, Asia, North Africa and North America, 

 ascending the European Alps to 8,000 feet, the Indian Mountains 

 to 14,000 feet. One of the three native Coniferse of Britain, at- 

 taining under favourable circumstances a height of nearly 50 feet. 

 The berries are of medicinal value, also used in the preparation of 

 gin. Important for fuel in the coldest regions. Will grow on 

 almost pure sand. 



Juniperus drupacea, Labillardiere. 



Plum Juniper. A veiy handsome long-leaved juniper, the Habhel 

 of Syria. It attains a height of 30 feet, and produces a sweet edible 

 fruit, highly esteemed throughout the Orient. 



Juniperus excelsa, Bieberstein. 



In Asia Minor, 2,000 to 6,000 feet above the sea-level. Extends 

 to the Himalayas, where its range of elevation is from 5,000 to 

 14,000 feet. A stately tree, 60 feet high. Trunk short but of 

 great girth, over 20 feet circumference being known (Stewart and 

 Brandis). 



