212 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



from 10 to 20 per cent. ; sometimes it even exceeds the latter 

 proportion. In Provence at an average 24 Ibs. of olive oil are 

 consumed by each individual of the population annually in Anda- 

 lusia about 30 Ibs. For obtaining the largest quantity of oil the 

 fruit must be completely ripe. Hand-picked olives give the purest 

 oil. Knocking the fruit from the branches with sticks injures the 

 tree and lessens its productiveness in the next year. Spain alone 

 produces about 250,000,000 Ibs. of olive oil a year. 



SPANISH VARIETIES. 



A. Varieties of early maturation, for colder localities : 



1. Yar. pomiformis, Clem. 



Manzanillo. (French : Ampoulleau.) Fruit above an inch in 

 diameter, spherical, shining black. Putamen broad and truncate. 



2. Var. regalis, Clem. 



Sevillano. (French : Pruneau de Catignac. ) Fruit about an 

 inch in diameter, ovate-spherical, blunt, bluish black. 



3. Var. Bellotudo or Villotuda. 



Fruit about an inch long, egg-shaped ; pericarp outside dark red, 

 inside violet. 



4. Var. Redondillo. 



Fruit ovate-spherical, nearly an inch long. Pericarp outside 

 bluish black, inside whitish. A rich yielder. 



5. Var. ovalis, Clem. 



Lechin, Picholin, Acquillo. (French : Saurine.) Fruit broad- 

 oval, two-thirds of an inch long. A copious yielder. 



6. Var. argentata, Clem. 



Nevadillo bianco ; Doncel ; Zorzalena ; Moradillo ; Ojiblanco ; 

 Olivo lucio. Fruit broad-ovate, an inch long, very blunt, not 

 oblique. Quality and- quantity of oil excellent. 



7. Var. Varal bianco. 



(French : Blanquette.) Fruit, ovate, globular, three-fourths of 

 an inch long, neither pointed nor oblique, outside blackish red. 



8. Var. Empeltre. 



Fruit ovate, an inch long, equable. Rich in oil of excellent 

 quality, also one of the best for pickles. Pericarp outside violet, 

 inside white. 



9. Var. Racimal. 



(French : Bouteillan, Boutiniene, Ribien, Rapugette.) Fruit 

 violet coloured, globose-ovate, about an inch long ; neither pointed 

 nor oblique. Bears regularly also on less fertile soil, and is one 

 of the earliest to ripen. 



10. Var. Varal negro. 



Alameno. (French: Cay on, Nasies.) Fruit violet-black, spotted, 

 globose-ovate, nearly an inch long, somewhat pointed. Bears 

 richly. 



